Mercedes Mullins
Installing fuel injectors in a Subaru BRZ can be a tricky process. It involves careful calibration and a number of steps to ensure that the injectors are installed correctly and function properly. The process includes disconnecting the battery negative terminal, removing protective covers, and separating the direct injector control unit. It is also important to adjust the settings in the ROM file and ensure that the injectors are compatible with the vehicle's fuel system. There are a variety of fuel injectors available for the Subaru BRZ, including those from well-known manufacturers such as Injector Dynamics, Bosch, and DeatschWerks.
Characteristics and Values Table for Installing Fuel Injectors in a BRZ
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Vehicle Compatibility | 2013-2020 Subaru BRZ, 2013-2016 Scion FR-S, 2017-2019 Toyota 86 |
| Fuel Injector Types | Fuel Injector Clinic 660cc Injector Set, Deatschwerks 450cc Fuel Injectors, Fuel Injector Clinic 540cc Injector Set, DeatschWerks 700cc Fuel Injectors, Fuel Injector Clinic 850cc Injector Set, Fuel Injector Clinic 1200cc Injector Set, Deatschwerks 900cc Fuel Injectors, Deatschwerks 1500cc Fuel Injectors, Fuel Injector Clinic 1650cc FIC Injector Set, Fuel Injector Clinic 2150cc Injector Set |
| Installation Steps | Disconnect battery negative terminal, remove metal protective covers on inlet manifold, separate direct injector control unit, remove second metal cover, disconnect electrical connectors from injectors, loosen vehicle fuel-filler cap, install new injectors, calibrate ECU settings (Injector Flow Scaling, Injector Lag Time Offset, cranking fuel tables), program ECU, start engine, check for fuel leaks |
| Tools/Parts Required | EcuTek injector wiring adaptors, ProECU software, seal installation tool, engine oil, grease |
| Tips/Considerations | Put injectors in freezer to shrink seals, use grease on tips, line up injectors and alternate tightening fuel rail bolts to avoid crooked installation, adjust cranking maps values as needed, ensure correct MAP sensor scaling |
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What You'll Learn
Injector installation tools and techniques
To install fuel injectors in a Subaru BRZ, you will need some specific tools and knowledge of certain techniques. Here is a step-by-step guide:
First, it is important to prepare the injectors for installation. One technique is to put the injectors into a freezer to shrink the seals. This will make it easier to install them. You can also use some grease on the tips of the injectors to ensure a smooth installation.
Next, you will need to disconnect the battery negative terminal and remove the metal protective covers on both sides of the inlet manifold. These covers are retained by two M8 (12mm headed) bolts each side. Be careful not to lose these bolts, as you will need them later.
Once the covers are removed, you will be able to access the port injectors and fuel rails. Disconnect the electrical connectors from the injectors and loosen the vehicle fuel filler cap to release fuel tank pressure. You may also need to separate the direct injector control unit from one of the covers before removing it. This is retained by 3x M6 (10mm headed) bolts.
When you are ready to install the new injectors, follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. One important technique to remember is to alternate tightening the fuel rail bolts so that the injectors go in evenly. If you tighten one side too much, the injectors may become crooked.
After physical installation, you will need to modify some settings in the ROM file using software such as EcuTek ProECU. The Fuel Injector setting will need to be calibrated, and you may also need to adjust the cranking fuel maps. Be sure to follow the fine-tuning procedure in the BRZ Tuning Guide to ensure optimal performance.
Finally, you can start the engine and check the fuel injection system for any leaks. Only the port injectors are fired during cranking, so pay close attention to these.
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ECU calibration and settings adjustment
After installing high-flow injectors, you will need to calibrate the ECU with the correct settings. This process should take about an hour. The settings you will need to adjust are Injector Flow Scaling, Injector Lag Time Offset, and the cranking fuel tables in EcuTek ProECU software.
The Injector Flow Scaling setting will need to be calibrated in the ROM file. You can find this by going to Maps by Function → Fuelling → Injector Scaling → Port Injector Scaling.
The new injectors will have a different lag time (response time), so you will need to change the setting using the Injector Open Time Compensation Maps. You can find this by going to Maps by Function → Fuelling → Injector Scaling → Injector Opening Time Compensation. The lag time is the time period (in ms) that is required for the injector to energize and fully open. If larger injectors have been fitted, they will often need a longer time period to open. This is referred to as 'dead time', 'lag time', or 'latency' and is affected by the current battery voltage, so you will need to use the manufacturer's technical data to enter the correct lag times for a given voltage.
The Cranking Fuel Maps will also need to be reduced when larger injectors are fitted because the port injectors are used in the crank condition, and the EcuTek injectors have more than three times the flow of the original units. You may have to reduce or increase these map values for your application or for running on ethanol fuels. Be sure to adjust all cranking maps by the same percentage. You can find these maps by going to Maps by Function → Fuelling → Cranking → Cranking Fueling #1 → #5b. Set these maps to 25% of their original value by selecting all of the values and pressing CTRL + P.
In addition, where larger Port Injectors are fitted, it may be advantageous to fine-tune the DI/PI ratio to ensure that the DI injectors are delivering enough fuel volume and that the bigger PI injectors do not simply deliver all the fuel. They should supplement the DI and not replace it. Remember that the Port Injectors can open up to 18ms at 6000rpm whereas the DI can only inject for less than half of that (due to Spark BTDC and valve overlap), so around 5ms MAX is recommended for DI. Changes should also be made to the PI/DI ratio map along with the Min and Max allowed ratios for larger injectors.
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Injector wiring adaptors
The EcuTek injector wiring adaptors are used to connect the new injectors with the original injector wiring. They feature the female plug to match the injector, 20-gauge wires 4cm in length, and the male plug to match the factory wiring harness.
After physically installing the new EcuTek fuel injectors, you will need to modify some settings in the ROM file using ProECU. The Fuel Injector setting will need to be calibrated in the ROM. The changes that need to be made are:
- Maps by Function → Fuelling → Injector Scaling → Port Injector Scaling
- Maps by Function → Fuelling → Injector scaling → Injector Opening Time Compensation
The new injectors will have a different lag time (response time), so you will need to adjust the setting using the Injector Open Time Compensation Maps.
The job of installing the new injectors and recalibrating the system should take approximately one hour to complete.
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Fuel injector kits and compatibility
Fuel injectors are controlled by the vehicle's onboard computer, or Engine Control Unit (ECU), which meters and atomizes the correct amount of fuel entering the engine. There are different types of fuel injectors, including Throttle Body Injection (TBI) injectors, which spray a fuel pattern into the engine throttle body, and Port Fuel Injection (PFI) injectors, which spray a more precise fuel pattern into each individual runner of the intake manifold. Direct Injection injectors spray fuel directly into each cylinder of the engine at much higher pressures.
There are a variety of fuel injector kits available for purchase, which are designed to stringent quality standards and make the job of installation easier. These kits are available for all makes and models of vehicles. Some common components of fuel injector kits include high-flow injectors, injector wiring adaptors, injector seal installation tools, o-rings, seals, and grease for the tips of the injectors.
Before installing a fuel injector kit, it is important to consult a professionally trained mechanic and follow all vehicle manufacturer and EPA guidelines. The installation process will vary depending on the specific kit and vehicle, but some general steps include disconnecting the battery negative terminal, removing any protective covers or bolts, and separating the direct injector control unit from the covers before removing it. It is also necessary to calibrate the ECU with the correct settings, such as Injector Flow Scaling and the cranking fuel tables, before starting the engine.
After physical installation, some modifications may need to be made to the ROM file using software such as ProECU. The Fuel Injector setting will need to be calibrated, and the new injectors' lag time (response time) will need to be changed using the Injector Open Time Compensation Maps. Finally, the whole fuel injection system should be checked for fuel leaks.
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Injector seal maintenance
To maintain injector seals, it is important to ensure that the seals are not worn out or leaking, as this can cause poor fuel economy, reduced engine performance, or even engine damage. There are a few key steps to follow when maintaining injector seals:
First, it is recommended to use a seal installation tool to properly install the seals. This ensures that the seals are installed correctly and reduces the risk of damage. Putting the injectors in the freezer before installation can also help shrink the seals, making them easier to work with.
Before installing new seals, it is important to clean the injectors thoroughly. This can be done through a mail-in service or by hand. If doing it by hand, it is recommended to use engine oil on the actual seal and to refer to DI installer guides for your specific car make and model.
When installing the seals, it is important to use grease on the tips of the injectors. This helps create a tight seal and prevents leaks. It is also important to line everything up properly and to tighten the fuel rail bolts evenly to avoid crooked installation.
After installation, it is necessary to calibrate the ECU with the correct settings, including Injector Flow Scaling, Injector Lag Time Offset, and cranking fuel tables. This can be done using EcuTek ProECU software. The new injectors may have a different lag time, so adjustments may be needed using the Injector Open Time Compensation Maps.
Finally, it is important to test the injectors and the seals to ensure they are functioning properly. This can be done by starting the engine and checking the fuel injection system for any leaks.
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Frequently asked questions
To install fuel injectors in a BRZ, you can follow these general steps:
- Put the injectors in the freezer to shrink the seals.
- Oil or grease the tips of the injectors.
- Disconnect the battery negative terminal.
- Remove the two metal protective covers on both sides of the inlet manifold, retained by two M8 (12mm headed) bolts each side.
- Separate the direct injector control unit from one of the covers.
- Remove the metal cover.
- Disconnect the electrical connectors from the injectors and loosen the vehicle fuel filler cap.
- Fit the injector wiring adaptors between the new injectors and the original injector wiring.
- Reassemble the parts in reverse order, being careful not to trap any wiring.
- Calibrate the ECU with the correct settings for Injector Flow Scaling, Injector Lag Time Offset, and cranking fuel tables.
- Program the ECU, start the engine, and check the fuel injection system for leaks.
For more detailed instructions, refer to the BRZ/FRS/GT86 750cc Injectors Kit Manual.
There are several options for fuel injectors compatible with the Subaru BRZ, including:
- Deatschwerks 450cc, 700cc, 900cc, and 1500cc Fuel Injectors
- Fuel Injector Clinic 540cc, 660cc, 850cc, 1200cc, 1650cc, and 2150cc Injector Sets
- Injector Dynamics ID2600-XDS Fuel Injectors
It is recommended to choose injectors from well-known manufacturers like Injector Dynamics, Bosch, and DeatschWerks for their dependability and performance focus.
Here are some tips and precautions to consider:
- It is important to use a compatible lubricant on the seals, such as engine oil or grease.
- Be careful not to tighten one side too much when installing the injectors, as this can cause them to go in crooked.
- After physical installation, modify the settings in the ROM file using ProECU, including the Fuel Injector Setting and Injector Scaling.
- Adjust the cranking fuel maps accordingly, and ensure the correct MAP sensor scaling is entered.
