Mercedes Mullins
While seal tape is a common product used to seal fuel lines, it is not recommended as it can break free and cause clogs in the fuel system. The best option is to use liquid or paste sealants that are designed for chemical resistance to fuel, such as gasoline or diesel. When selecting a fuel hose type, it is important to consider the location of the fuel line, with A1 fuel hoses being the best choice for below-deck installations due to their high fire resistance and low permeability. For high-temperature applications, a sealant with medium solvent resistance, such as Permatex's High-Temperature Thread Sealant, is recommended.
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What You'll Learn
Braided steel fuel lines
When selecting a fuel hose type, it is important to consider the location of the fuel line run. If the fuel line is located above the deck, it will be more exposed to the elements, while below-deck fuel lines will be in confined compartments. The grade of the fuel line should also be considered, with A1 fuel hose offering the highest fire resistance and B-type fuel hose being more permeable and suitable for less volatile fuels.
To ensure optimal fuel delivery and pressure regulation, it is recommended to integrate braided steel fuel lines with universal fuel pumps, inline fuel filters, and fuel regulators. This combination can enhance the performance of your vehicle, making it a popular choice among enthusiasts and professionals. Braided steel fuel lines are also approved by the NHRA for use in fuel systems, with only 12" of uncovered rubber fuel hose allowed for the entire vehicle.
When it comes to sealing fuel fittings, it is recommended to use a liquid or paste sealant instead of tape. Tape, especially the yellow Teflon tape, can break free and cause clogging in sensitive components, leading to costly repairs. Liquid or paste sealants, on the other hand, are gentler on downstream components and will not cause clogging. It is also important to note that over-tightening fuel fittings can stretch the threads and cause leaks, so care should be taken during installation.
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NPT thread type
NPT stands for National Pipe Thread and is a type of pipe thread defined by ANSI/ASME standard B1.20.1. The NPT thread type is tapered and is commonly found on pipe ends, nipples, and fittings such as couplings, elbows, and tees. It has a taper rate of 1 inch of diameter in 16 inches of length (3/4 inch per foot or 62.5 millimetres per metre). It has the same thread angle, shape, and pitch (threads per inch) as NPS (National Pipe Straight), but the threads of the latter are straight or parallel. NPT threads have a 60-degree included angle and flat peaks and valleys.
NPT threads are designed to form a seal when torqued as the flanks of the threads compress against each other. However, NPTF (National Pipe Taper Fuel), a semi-compatible variant of NPT, is designed to provide a more leak-free seal without the use of PTFE tape or another sealant compound. NPTF threads have the same basic shape as NPT threads but with crest and root heights adjusted for an interference fit, eliminating the spiral leakage path.
When using NPT threads, it is recommended to use lubricating paste or thread seal tape to limit corrosion and ensure a completely leak-tight seal. Liquid or paste sealants are generally kinder to sensitive components downstream and do not risk breaking free or clogging like Teflon tape.
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Fuel line grades
When it comes to fuel line grades, there are several factors and specifications to consider. The specific requirements for a fuel line can vary depending on the application, such as whether it is for a boat, car, or another type of vehicle. It's important to choose a fuel line that meets the necessary safety standards and regulations. Here is an overview of some common fuel line grades:
A1 Fuel Line:
The A1 fuel line is a high-quality option that offers superior fire resistance and low permeability. It is suitable for use in both above-deck and below-deck fuel line runs. A1 fuel hose is commonly used in high-pressure applications, such as after the fuel pump. This grade is often recommended when there is doubt about the appropriate fuel hose type, as it is versatile and can be used in various locations. The A1-15 rating indicates even higher fire resistance and lower permeability than the standard A1 hose.
A2 Fuel Line:
The A2 fuel line has similar characteristics to the A1 grade but offers slightly lower fire resistance. While it is still a reliable option, it may not be suitable for certain high-risk applications.
B1 and B2 Fuel Line:
The B-type fuel lines are more permeable than A-type hoses and are typically used for less volatile fuels, such as diesel. B1 fuel hose has higher fire resistance compared to B2, but both options are generally not recommended for gasoline-fueled applications.
It is important to note that the fuel line requirements for boats may be regulated by organizations like the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC). These organizations have specific standards and designations for fuel lines, such as the A1-15 rating, to ensure the safety and performance of gasoline fuel systems.
When selecting a fuel line, it is crucial to consider the specific requirements of your vehicle or vessel, including the type of fuel, location of the fuel line, and any relevant safety regulations. Consulting with professionals or referring to manufacturer guidelines can help ensure that the appropriate fuel line grade is chosen for your specific application.
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Liquid or paste sealants
While some sources suggest using Teflon tape to seal fuel line NPT fittings, this is not recommended as it can break free and cause clogging. Liquid or paste sealants are a better option as they won't clog and are kinder to sensitive components downstream.
When choosing a liquid or paste sealant, it is important to consider the chemical resistance of the sealant to the type of fuel or oil running through the line. For example, if you are dealing with gasoline, you can use regular gasoline-resistant Aviation Form-a-gasket Number 3. Another option is to use a high-temperature thread sealant with medium solvent resistance, such as the one offered by Permatex, which is recommended for fuel sender type applications.
If you are working with NPT fittings, you can use a high-temperature NPT sealant like Ptfe Permatex 59235 or GM-12346004 "High Temperature Pipe Sealant". These sealants are designed for use with fuel, oil, sensors, head bolts, and water pumps, among other applications.
When applying the liquid or paste sealant, be sure to follow the instructions carefully. In particular, avoid applying the sealant to the first three threads from the end, as this can cause issues if the sealant gets into the fuel.
It is also important to assess the location of the fuel line run when selecting a sealant. If the fuel line is located below deck, you must use a fuel hose with higher fire resistance and lower permeability, such as an A1 grade fuel hose. This is a critical safety consideration to prevent fuel leaks or fires.
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Fuel line replacement
While some sources suggest using tape to seal fuel lines, this is not recommended as it can break free and cause clogging. Liquid or paste sealants are a better option as they will not cause clogging. When choosing a sealant, look for its chemical resistance to the fuel or oil running through the line. For example, for gasoline, use a gasoline-resistant sealant such as Aviation Form-a-gasket Number 3.
If you are installing fuel tanks or repowering a vessel, it is recommended to consult a professional or have your work inspected to ensure there are no fuel leak hazards. It is also a good idea to have the system pressure-tested by a professional when making alterations to a fuel line assembly.
When selecting a fuel hose type, first assess where the fuel line will be located. If it is above deck, it will be in the open, such as an outboard engine connected to an above-deck tank. Below deck includes not only below-deck areas but also hoses running through confined compartments. There are four grades of fuel line: A1, A2, B1, and B2. You must use an A1 fuel hose below deck on the high-pressure side (after the pump) as it offers the highest fire resistance and the least permeability. If you are unsure, A1 is the best choice as it works everywhere.
To plumb a fuel hose line, you must ensure the thread type. If it is NPT or NPTF, use a male hose barb fitting. Brass or stainless steel is typically used for these components. The matching thread keys into the female thread precisely on the angle and depth of the thread.
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Frequently asked questions
No, it is not recommended to use seal tape on a fuel line. Teflon tape will not hold up to gasoline and will dissolve in it. It is also likely to break free and clog other components.
Liquid or paste sealants are recommended for fuel lines. These sealants will not clog other components. For gasoline, Aviation Form-a-gasket Number 3 is a good option.
There are four grades of fuel line: A1, A2, B1, and B2. A1 fuel hoses offer the highest fire resistance and the least permeability, so they are the best choice.
It is important to avoid over-tightening fuel and hydraulic fittings, as this can cause the threads to stretch and leak.
