Regan Brown
Running brake and fuel lines through the cabin is a common practice, with some car manufacturers choosing to place them under the car along the frame rails. While this setup has its advantages, such as easier accessibility for replacement, it raises concerns about safety. If a fuel line inside the car leaks, it poses a significant risk to the occupants. On the other hand, an exterior fuel line leak is less dangerous, typically resulting in a DNF for the race or day. This has led to discussions about the optimal placement of brake and fuel lines, with some preferring to keep them separate to avoid potential issues.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Running brake and fuel lines through the cabin | Some Subaru models, and other cars, run the brake and fuel lines through the cabin. |
| Running lines outside the frame | Keeps them away from the exhaust heat on duel exhaust setups. |
| Running lines inside the frame | Safer in terms of personal safety in the event of a leak. |
| Materials for brake lines | Steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and mild steel. |
| Materials for fuel lines | Steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and mild steel. |
| Diameter of brake lines | 5/16 or 3/8 inches. |
| Diameter of fuel lines | 3/8 inches. |
| Pressure in brake lines | 1000-2000 psi. |
| Pressure in fuel lines | 30-60 psi. |
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What You'll Learn
Running brake and fuel lines through the cabin
When running brake and fuel lines through the cabin, it is crucial to follow the guidelines outlined in the rule book of your sanctioning body to ensure legality and safety. One preferred method is to use a Nicopp line along the passenger side of the tunnel, with a bulkhead fitting at each end. If there is a passenger seat, it is recommended to place a steel shield over the line to protect it from potential kicking. Painting the line red and labelling it clearly as a fuel line are also important for identification and safety.
For the fuel line specifically, it is advised to avoid lines with copper content to prevent fuel spoilage issues. Running the lines inside a steel tube that spans from firewall to firewall, without any openings into the passenger compartment, is considered the safest approach. This tube should also be painted red and labelled for easy identification.
Some car enthusiasts, however, express concerns about running fuel lines inside the cabin. They argue that it is dangerous and prefer to route the lines to the rear corner of the fuel tank. Others share negative experiences with poorly installed fuel lines, resulting in leaks and potential fire hazards.
When it comes to brake lines, they can be routed wherever they are out of the way and not at risk of being dragged on the ground. Brake lines are generally rugged, and the likelihood of damaging them is low. However, it is still important to consider overall safety and follow the guidelines provided by the sanctioning body.
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Running lines outside the frame
For those who prefer to run their fuel lines outside the frame, there are a few methods to ensure their protection. One method is to use rubber-insulated straps to secure the lines, although plain metal straps can also be used. Another approach is to use line clamps and self-drilling screws to hold the lines in place. Additionally, some people choose to cover the lines with tack-welded angle iron to provide extra protection in the event of a collision.
When running brake lines outside the frame, it is important to ensure they are routed in a way that keeps them out of the way of moving parts. This can help prevent damage to the lines and ensure they function properly. It is also recommended to refer to the rule book for your sanctioning body to understand any specific requirements or restrictions that may apply.
Some people prefer to run their brake lines wherever they are not in the way and won't be dragged on the ground. This can provide flexibility in terms of routing options, including running them along the frame rails or through the cabin, depending on the specific vehicle and its configuration.
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Using steel brake lines for fuel
Steel brake lines can be used for fuel, but there are some important considerations to keep in mind. Steel is the most common type of hard line used for brake lines, as it is affordable, durable, and readily available. However, one of the main drawbacks of using steel for fuel lines is its tendency to rust. Brake fluid is highly hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs water easily, which can lead to rusting of the steel lines. To mitigate this issue, galvanized mild steel can be used, which involves coating the steel with a layer of zinc to protect it from corrosion.
Another option to prevent rusting is to use stainless steel, which is more expensive but will not rust. Some car enthusiasts prefer to use stainless steel fuel and brake lines for this reason. Additionally, stainless steel lines can be purchased with custom master cylinder nuts for an aftermarket master, although this can increase the cost.
When creating fuel and brake lines, it is important to consider the bending process. Steel tubing can be challenging to bend by hand, and special bending tools may be required. Plastic-coated steel lines are available, which are much easier to bend but come at a higher cost. Poly-Armour® is one such product, made of low-carbon steel and coated with Polyvinyl Fluoride (PVF), a plastic coating that protects against rust.
It is also important to consider the routing of the fuel and brake lines. In some cars, such as Subarus, the brake and fuel lines run through the cabin. This can provide easier access for replacement or repair. However, it is crucial to follow safety guidelines when routing lines through the cockpit, as a leaking fuel line inside the car can be a safety hazard.
When running fuel and brake lines along the frame, there are a few options. Some people choose to run the lines on the outside of the frame to keep them away from the exhaust heat, especially in dual exhaust setups. Others prefer to run the lines on the inside of the frame for protection. It is recommended to secure the lines with insulated or plain metal straps to ensure they are firmly in place.
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The difference in wall thickness between fuel and brake lines
When it comes to the difference in wall thickness between fuel and brake lines, it is important to note that brake systems operate at significantly higher pressures than fuel systems. While brake systems can reach pressures of 1000-2000 psi, fuel systems typically produce pressures in the range of 30-60 psi. This means that the wall thickness of brake lines needs to be greater than that of fuel lines to withstand the higher pressure.
Brake lines are typically made of steel tubing, which is strong enough to withstand the high pressures generated by brake systems. The standard size for brake lines is 3/16", which is commonly used for brake lines in automotive applications. However, it is also possible to use larger diameter brake lines, such as 5/16" or 3/8", to accommodate higher-pressure systems or to provide unrestricted flow in EFI (electronic fuel injection) systems.
On the other hand, fuel lines are typically made of materials that can withstand the corrosive nature of fuels, such as stainless steel or braided lines. The size of the fuel line depends on the specific application and the flow rate required. For example, a 3/8" fuel line is commonly used in high-performance applications with EFI, while smaller diameters may be used for lower-flow applications.
It is worth noting that some vehicles may have fuel lines that run through the cabin or passenger compartment. In such cases, it is crucial to follow safety guidelines and regulations to prevent fuel leaks inside the vehicle, which can pose a significant risk to the occupants.
When running brake and fuel lines, it is important to consider their routing and placement carefully. In some cases, it may be necessary to use retainers, clips, or straps to secure the lines properly. Additionally, the use of protective coverings or shields can help prevent damage to the lines from external factors, such as road debris or impact during a collision.
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Using clips and retainers for running brake and fuel lines
When running brake and fuel lines, it is essential to consider the safety and security of the lines to prevent leaks and damage. Clips and retainers play a crucial role in achieving this.
Brake lines and fuel lines require different types of clips and retainers due to their distinct functions and characteristics. Brake line clips, also known as brake retainer clips, are designed to secure the brake lines in place, preventing movement and potential damage. These clips are typically made of plastic or metal and are available in various sizes to accommodate different brake line diameters. They are crucial for maintaining the integrity of the brake system, ensuring that the lines do not come loose or detach.
Fuel lines, on the other hand, require fuel line clips or fuel retainer clips. These clips are specifically designed to secure fuel lines and may have slightly different features compared to brake line clips. Fuel line clips help prevent fuel leaks, which can pose a safety hazard. By securely holding the fuel lines in place, these clips minimize the risk of leaks and ensure the fuel system's integrity.
When running brake and fuel lines through the cabin or along the frame, it is essential to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and industry standards. In some cases, original-style clips may be used for brake lines, while separate retainers are utilized for fuel lines. This separation allows for independent maintenance and repair of each system.
Additionally, the placement of the lines is crucial. Running lines outside the frame, especially on the passenger side, keeps them away from the exhaust heat in dual exhaust setups. This configuration is common because the fuel pump is typically located on the passenger side of the engine. To secure the lines, rubber-insulated straps or metal straps can be used. Some prefer insulated straps to provide extra protection.
Overall, the use of clips and retainers is vital for the safe and secure installation of brake and fuel lines. By following manufacturer guidelines and industry best practices, the risk of leaks and damage can be minimized, ensuring the proper functioning of these critical vehicle systems.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, brake lines can be run alongside fuel lines. Some people prefer to keep them separate, with the brake lines on the driver's side and the fuel lines on the passenger side.
Running brake and fuel lines through the cabin can pose a safety risk if there is a leak. If a fuel line outside the car breaks or leaks, it is not as big of a deal as if one inside the car does.
Running brake lines alongside fuel lines can make it easier to access and maintain both systems. It may also be more cost-effective to use a single type of line for both systems.
The most common materials for brake and fuel lines are steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. Steel brake lines are typically used for fuel lines in low-pressure applications without any issues.
Yes, it is important to refer to the rule book for your sanctioning body to ensure that any brake and fuel line setup is legal and safe.
