Sylvie Willis
Fuel line fittings are available in a variety of sizes and types, including SAE size configurations and those manufactured to AN standards, which are commonly used in high-end racing and performance fuel systems. The size of the fuel line fittings can vary, with common sizes being 5/16, 3/8, and 1/4. It is important to ensure that the size of the fuel line fittings matches the size of the fuel line to prevent leaks and ensure proper sealing. Different types of fittings include adapter fittings, pipe fittings, and port fittings, each with its own advantages and applications.
Characteristics and Values of AN Fittings on Fuel Lines
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Fitting Ends | 37° cone on each end |
| Thread Type | Straight Thread |
| O-ring Seals | Yes |
| O-ring Size | Defined by "AS" standard |
| Dash Numbers | Assigned based on size |
| Boss-Seal Style O-rings | "900" Series |
| Example | -906 for -6AN ports |
| Hose Barb Size | 5/16" |
| Rigid Fuel Line | Copper with threaded flared fittings |
| Flexibility | Flexible hoses available |
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$32.22
What You'll Learn
SAE size configurations vs AN standards
SAE size configurations and AN standards are both used for fuel lines, with SAE being the most common standard. SAE standards are intended to cover tubing assemblies for any portion of a fuel system that operates within a certain temperature range and up to a maximum working-gauge pressure. The standard was developed primarily for passenger car and truck applications but can be used in marine, industrial, and similar applications.
SAE J30-rated hoses are designed for fuel, gasoline, oil, diesel fuel, and lubrication oil, or the vapors present in either the fuel system or the crankcase of internal combustion engines in mobile or stationary applications. SAE 30R6 hoses are designed for low-pressure applications like carburetors, filler necks, and connections between tanks, while SAE 30R7 hoses are typically used for low-pressure applications like carburetors or a fuel return line. SAE 30R9 hoses are designed for high-pressure applications like fuel injection systems and are often EPA-certified to a low permeation standard.
AN standards, on the other hand, are frequently implemented in high-end racing and performance fuel delivery systems. The abbreviation "AN" stands for "Army-Navy," which was set as a specification standard for fasteners and fluid fittings used on military equipment during World War II. AN standards are also known as "Air Force-Navy Aeronautical Standards." After the war, surplus aerospace parts were used for racing, introducing the AN standard into the racing world.
When it comes to fittings, SAE size configurations are available for adapter fittings, which are commonly used to connect fuel line tubes and hoses to fuel pumps, fuel regulators, and fuel filters. AN standards, on the other hand, are typically used for high-end racing and performance fuel systems. AN standards dictate the use of straight threads for adapters, requiring O-rings for sealing. The fitting ends typically use a 37-degree cone on each end, as per military standards.
In summary, SAE standards are more commonly used for fuel lines and cover a range of applications, from low-pressure to high-pressure systems. AN standards, on the other hand, are more specific to high-end racing and performance fuel systems and dictate the use of straight threads and O-rings for sealing.
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Port fittings vs pipe fittings
Fuel line fittings are available in various types, including straight thread and tapered thread. Straight thread fittings, also known as AN fittings, are commonly used in high-end racing and performance fuel systems. They feature a 37-degree cone on each end and require the use of O-rings to create a seal. Port fittings and pipe fittings are two types of connections that utilise these straight and tapered threads, respectively.
Port fittings, also referred to as adapter fittings, are used to connect fuel line tubes and hoses to fuel pumps, regulators, and filters. They are often specified for connections to fuel pumps and regulators in high-performance fuel delivery systems. Port fittings offer superior sealing ability and installation reliability compared to tapered thread fittings. This reliability arises from the special port machining that captures and compresses the O-ring to the correct degree, preventing damage or leakage. The AN standards, which dictate the use of straight thread and O-rings, contribute to the sealing capability and reliability of port fittings.
Pipe fittings, on the other hand, are used to connect fuel lines to ports on fuel pumps, pressure regulators, and fuel pressure gauges. They are commonly employed for connections to fuel pressure gauges via gauge ports. Pipe fittings typically use tapered threads, which require sealing compounds or Teflon tape to create a seal. While pipe fittings are convenient for connecting fuel pressure gauges, they may not offer the same level of sealing and reliability as port fittings.
It is important to note that the choice between port and pipe fittings depends on the specific application and system requirements. For high-end racing and performance fuel systems, port fittings are generally preferred due to their superior sealing and reliability. However, for fuel pressure gauge connections, pipe fittings are more commonly used due to the widespread compatibility with in-line fuel pressure gauges on the market.
In addition to port and pipe fittings, there are various other fittings used in fuel systems. These include SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) fittings, which are found in older fuel systems, and AN fittings with 90-degree hose fittings for high-pressure lines. The selection of the appropriate fitting depends on the specific fuel system, performance requirements, and compatibility with other components in the system.
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O-ring seals vs Teflon tape
When it comes to fuel line fittings, there are a few options to consider. The size of the fittings will depend on the specific application, with different standards and types available. One common standard is the "AN Thread Size", which uses straight threads and O-ring seals. The O-ring size is typically defined by the "AS" standard and dash numbers are assigned based on the size. For example, -906 is for -6AN ports, while -908 is for -8AN ports.
Now, let's compare O-ring seals and Teflon tape:
O-ring seals are often used with AN fittings, which are commonly found in high-end racing and performance fuel systems. Special port machining is done to "capture" and properly compress the O-ring, ensuring a reliable seal. This precise loading of the O-ring during installation results in greater sealing ability compared to tapered threads using sealing compounds or Teflon tape. O-ring seals offer high reliability and are less prone to leakage compared to other methods.
Teflon tape, also known as PTFE tape, is a sealant commonly used on pipe threads in fuel lines. It is chemically compatible with gasoline and provides a tight seal. However, one of the main concerns with Teflon tape is the risk of it breaking free and clogging fuel components such as injectors, fuel pumps, or carburetors. This can lead to costly repairs. Additionally, it is important not to overuse Teflon tape, as wrapping it twice around the threads is usually sufficient.
While O-ring seals offer superior sealing ability and reliability, Teflon tape is a simpler and more accessible option for sealing pipe threads. It is important to consider the specific application and follow the recommended practices for the chosen sealing method.
In addition to O-ring seals and Teflon tape, other sealing options for fuel lines include liquid or paste-type sealants, such as Form-a-gasket Number 3 for gasoline applications, and High-Temperature Thread Sealant for fuel sender type applications. When selecting a sealant, it is crucial to consider its chemical resistance to the type of fuel (diesel or gasoline) or oil running through the line.
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Hose barbs
When selecting hose barbs, it is important to consider the inner diameter (ID) and outer diameter (OD) of the fuel line. While standard sizes are available, there may be slight variations among suppliers, so it is crucial to verify compatibility to prevent leaks. Adapter fittings, also known as standard or union fittings, are commonly used to connect fuel lines to fuel pumps, regulators, and filters. These adapters require the use of O-rings for sealing.
The use of O-rings in hose barb fittings enhances sealing ability and installation reliability. Special port machining is employed to "capture" and properly compress the O-ring, ensuring optimal performance. This reliability makes hose barbs with O-rings a preferred choice over pipe fittings in high-end racing and performance fuel systems.
In addition to standard hose barbs, there are also elbow, tee, adapter, and splicer variants that cater to specific connection requirements. It is important to select the appropriate type of hose barb fitting for your application to ensure a secure and leak-free connection. When in doubt, consulting with a specialist or referencing manufacturer recommendations can provide valuable guidance in choosing the right hose barbs for your fuel line system.
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Fuel line tubing
There are several types of fuel lines available, including Powersports Fuel Lines, Automotive Replacement Fuel Hoses, and Lawn Mower Fuel Lines. These lines can be made from a variety of materials, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, rubber fuel lines are flexible and easy to install, while steel braided lines offer greater durability and resistance to punctures.
When selecting fuel line tubing, it is crucial to consider the inner and outer diameters of the tubing, often referred to as ID and OD. These dimensions should match the size of the fittings and ports on your fuel system to ensure a secure and leak-proof connection. AN fittings, for instance, are commonly used in high-performance fuel systems and have specific O-ring requirements to achieve a proper seal.
In addition to the tubing itself, it is important to choose the appropriate fittings and adapters. Adapter fittings, or union fittings, are used to connect fuel lines to fuel pumps, regulators, and filters. Pipe fittings, on the other hand, are typically used for connections to fuel pressure gauges. The type of fitting required will depend on the specific fuel system and its port or thread design.
Finally, it is worth noting that fuel line tubing and fittings should be sourced from reputable suppliers to ensure compatibility and safety. Mismatched or incompatible parts can lead to leaks or system failures, so it is crucial to verify that all components meet the required specifications and standards.
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Frequently asked questions
The size of AN fittings on fuel lines varies. Common sizes include AN6, 8AN, 10, and 12. The dash number indicates the size, with each dash representing 1/16 of an inch. For example, an AN6 fitting is equivalent to 6/16" or 3/8", while AN8 is 8/16" or 1/2".
High-end racing and performance fuel systems typically use fittings manufactured to AN standards, which dictate the use of Straight Thread and O-rings for adapters.
It is essential to match the fuel line and fitting sizes to ensure proper sealing and prevent leaks. Even a small size difference can significantly impact the seal of the connections.
For a Racor filter, it is recommended to use a 5/16" barb for the standard fuel hose with hose clamps. The threaded fittings are typically 1/4 inch NPT, but the diameter of the fitting into the fuel pump may vary.
Some sources recommend avoiding Fastenal fittings for fuel lines due to safety concerns and the complexity of installation and servicing. It is advised to use traditional hose barbs, hose, and hose clamps for fuel line connections.
