Mercedes Mullins
The YS 60 motor is a powerful engine that delivers superior performance and throttle response. To ensure optimal performance and avoid any issues, it is crucial to understand the fuel system and properly set up the fuel lines. This involves knowing the recommended fuel type, the process of breaking in the engine, and the specific steps for running fuel lines to the engine. The YS 60 engine utilizes a pressurized fuel system, which plays a key role in delivering fuel from the tank to the engine, and it is important to follow the instructions in the manual for proper maintenance and usage.
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What You'll Learn
- Fuel line setup: the pressure nipple is the rear one, with the check valve arrow pointing to the tank
- Recommended fuel: 5-25% nitromethane with 8-20% oil content glow fuel
- Engine break-in: run the motor rich for the first 2 tanks, allowing it to cool between runs
- Fuel delivery: the pressurized fuel system delivers fuel from the tank to the engine
- Fuel line maintenance: use Teflon tape to prevent connections from coming loose and causing leaks
Fuel line setup: the pressure nipple is the rear one, with the check valve arrow pointing to the tank
When setting up the fuel lines for your YS 60 motor, it's important to identify the correct nipples for pressure and fuel intake. The pressure nipple is the rear one, and the check valve arrow should point toward the tank. This setup ensures that fuel flows in the correct direction and that the engine receives the necessary fuel pressure.
The check valve plays a crucial role in the fuel line system. Its function is to allow fuel flow in only one direction, from the regulator back to the tank. This unidirectional flow prevents fuel from moving backward in the system, ensuring smooth and efficient fuel delivery to the engine. By pointing the check valve arrow toward the tank, you maintain the correct flow orientation.
In some fuel line setups, such as in boats, issues with the primer bulb may occur. If the primer bulb fails to firm up, it could be due to fuel being unable to pass beyond the top of the fuel pickup tube in the tank. Installing a check valve in the fuel line can help address this issue by facilitating fuel flow in the correct direction.
It's worth noting that the return line, which runs from the carburetor to the rollover valve and then to the tank, typically doesn't require an upgrade. However, incorporating a check valve into the return line can offer benefits. For instance, it can prevent a siphoning effect when disconnecting the return line under the tank, ensuring that fuel doesn't start pouring out.
Additionally, the presence of a check valve in the return line can expedite the cranking time when starting the engine. Without a check valve, there may be a slight delay in the engine firing, but with the check valve in place, the system can maintain pressure more effectively, resulting in quicker and more immediate engine starts.
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Recommended fuel: 5-25% nitromethane with 8-20% oil content glow fuel
The recommended fuel for your engine is a type of glow fuel, which is used in model engines for small aircraft, cars, and boats. Glow fuel is a mixture of methanol, nitromethane, and oil. The methanol acts as a solvent for the other ingredients and allows the glow plug in the engine to heat up via a catalytic reaction. The nitromethane increases power and makes the engine easier to tune.
Glow fuel typically contains 0-30% nitromethane, with higher concentrations resulting in better performance. However, highly concentrated nitromethane is rarely used due to its cost. The recommended 5-25% nitromethane concentration will provide a good balance of performance and cost-effectiveness.
The oil in glow fuel serves as a lubricant for the engine, as model engines often lack independent oiling capabilities. The recommended fuel blend contains 8-20% oil, which is within the typical range of 8-22% for model engine fuel. Castor oil and synthetic oils are commonly used, and the oil is generally expelled through the engine's exhaust, helping to dissipate heat.
To mix your own fuel, you will need a funnel, a scale, and a jug. First, pour 650 grams of oil into the funnel. Then, add 215 grams of nitromethane. Finally, add methanol until the scale reads 3215 grams. This will give you one gallon of glow fuel with the desired nitromethane and oil content.
It is important to note that the nitromethane in glow fuel can cause corrosion in four-stroke model engines due to nitric acid residue. Therefore, it is recommended to use "after-run oil" after operating a four-stroke engine with your fuel blend to mitigate this issue.
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Engine break-in: run the motor rich for the first 2 tanks, allowing it to cool between runs
When breaking in an engine, it is important to follow the correct procedures to ensure the engine is properly prepared and avoid damage. For the first two tanks, the engine should be run rich, which means the air-fuel ratio is higher than usual. This will prevent the engine from engaging the clutch and will generate excess heat from friction. It is important not to let the engine idle in this state for too long, as this can cause cylinder wall damage. The engine should be kept above idle speed, with RPMs varying from 1,500 to 2,500, and the speed should be continuously varied for the first 20 minutes.
During this initial break-in period, the engine should be allowed to cool between runs to avoid overheating. It is also important to choose the correct break-in oil, as this will help establish the proper wear pattern for the engine. Synthetics should be avoided, as they can reduce friction too much and prevent the rings from seating properly. Instead, opt for a break-in oil that is specifically designed to facilitate this process.
After the first two tanks, the engine can be gradually tuned for a peak operating temperature of around 230-240°F. This will still be a somewhat rich condition, and the engine may not run very fast. It is important to leave the engine in this state until it starts to have trouble warming up, as this indicates that the piston has fully seated and is no longer generating excess heat from friction.
Throughout the break-in process, it is crucial to monitor the engine's temperature and make adjustments as needed. Small tweaks to the needles can have a significant impact on the engine's performance, and it is important to give the engine time to respond to any changes. By following these steps and allowing the engine to break in gradually, you can help ensure its long-term performance and durability.
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Fuel delivery: the pressurized fuel system delivers fuel from the tank to the engine
Fuel delivery is a crucial component of an engine's performance and longevity. The pressurized fuel system is responsible for delivering fuel from the tank to the engine, and the fuel pump plays a vital role in this process. The fuel pump transmits pressurized fuel from the tank to the engine, and the pressure needs to be consistent to ensure smooth engine operation. Variations in pressure can lead to performance issues and even damage the engine.
The fuel pump's pressure specifications vary depending on the engine type. For example, gasoline engines require a specific range of fuel pressure for optimal performance, typically between 30 to 50 PSI, while high-performance gasoline engines may require higher pressures of up to 60 PSI or more. On the other hand, diesel engines have different fuel pressure requirements due to their unique operating principles. They need higher fuel pressure to compress the air-fuel mixture and achieve ignition through compression.
The pump supply voltage directly impacts fuel flow. A decrease in voltage results in reduced motor torque and a lower volume capacity for a given pressure. A breakdown in wiring, a poor pump ground, or a defective pump can lead to a voltage drop, affecting the pump's ability to provide sufficient fuel volume to the engine. Therefore, it is essential to carefully inspect the circuit to prevent such issues.
Additionally, conventional EFI systems rely on a fuel pressure regulator to control pressure in the fuel rail, rather than the pump itself. The regulator ensures that any excess fuel is diverted back to the fuel tank. This process helps maintain the necessary pressure and prevents issues such as engine vacuum drawing raw fuel directly into the intake manifold or fuel leakage. By understanding the intricacies of the pressurized fuel system and the factors affecting fuel delivery, one can ensure optimal engine performance and longevity.
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Fuel line maintenance: use Teflon tape to prevent connections from coming loose and causing leaks
Fuel line leaks can be hazardous and costly to repair, so it's important to take the necessary precautions to prevent them. One way to do this is by using Teflon tape to secure connections and prevent them from coming loose.
Teflon tape, also known as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape, is a versatile material that can be used with various pipes, including iron, steel, copper, brass, alloys, plastics, and rubber. It has a non-stick surface that is resistant to water, gases, solvents, acids, and alkalis. Its chemically inert state and non-leachable additives ensure that it won't react with or contaminate the fuel running through the lines. Additionally, its lubricity prevents pipes from binding and sticking, and it retains these properties over a wide temperature range.
When using Teflon tape on fuel lines, it's essential to be careful and not overuse it. Excess tape can get into the fuel or oil and cause issues, including clogging in injectors, fuel pumps, or carburetor galleries. It's also important to note that Teflon tape is not a replacement for proper sealing techniques, such as ensuring that connections are tight and secure. If a flare connection is leaking, it may be necessary to repair or replace the offending parts.
To choose the appropriate thread sealant for your fuel line, consider its chemical resistance to the type of fuel or oil running through the line. For gasoline, a gasoline-resistant sealant is required, and products like Aviation Form-a-gasket Number 3 or Permatex's High-Temperature Thread Sealant are recommended. For diesel engines, any sealant resistant to diesel fuel will suffice.
In addition to using Teflon tape, there are other measures you can take to maintain your fuel lines and prevent leaks. For example, when installing fuel tanks or repowering a vessel, it's advisable to consult a professional or have your work inspected to ensure it meets safety standards. It's also recommended to have the system pressure-tested by a professional whenever alterations are made to the fuel line assembly.
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Frequently asked questions
The recommended fuel is 5% to 25% Nitromethane with 8% to 20% oil content Glow Fuel. Most modern 2-stroke glow fuels with a synthetic/castor oil mix will work fine.
APC PNC series 21x10.5 - 21.5x10.5 but any prop that will run between 6000 and 7000 rpm maximum will work.
The recommended RPM range is 6000-7000.
Fill the tank with your contest fuel and put on your contest prop. Set the needle to the instructions and start the engine. Let it run for a minute to check if everything sounds okay. Fly several tankfuls with the needle set a bit rich. Then, set the needle wherever desired.
The YS 4 cycle engine works with a pressurized fuel system. As the engine turns, it develops pressure, and part of this pressure is fed into the tank via the return line, pressure line, or tank overflow line.
