Replacing Fuel Pump In Ford Escape: Step-By-Step Guide

Changing a fuel pump in a Ford Escape can be a challenging task, and the process may vary depending on the model year of the vehicle. For some models, such as the 2011 Escape 3.0, it is not necessary to drop the fuel tank as there is an access port under the rear seat cushion that allows relatively easy access to the fuel pump. However, for other models, such as the 2014 Escape, dropping the tank may be required to replace the low-pressure fuel pump. It is important to note that there are also high-pressure fuel pumps located in the engine bay of some Ford Escape models. When replacing the fuel pump, it is crucial to take safety precautions, such as ensuring proper ventilation to prevent the accumulation of fuel vapors, which can be flammable. Additionally, it is recommended to refer to model-specific repair manuals or seek assistance from a qualified mechanic to ensure the job is done correctly and safely.

Removing the rear seat cushion and carpet to access the fuel pump

To access the fuel pump, you will need to remove the rear seat cushion and carpet in your Ford Escape. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to do this:

Step 1: Lift and remove the rear seat cushion. This will expose the carpeted area underneath.

Step 2: Lift the carpet and move it out of the way. You may need to remove any retaining screws or clips holding the carpet in place.

Step 3: Locate the access port cover. This is usually found in the rear passenger-side area, under the carpet. Remove any retaining screws or clips holding the access port cover in place.

Step 4: Lift and remove the access port cover. This will expose the fuel pump and sender assembly.

Step 5: At this point, you should be able to see the fuel pump and sender assembly. It is held in place by a large plastic ring. You may also see the electrical disconnects and fuel and vapor line fittings.

Now that you have removed the rear seat cushion and carpet, you can begin the process of replacing or repairing the fuel pump. Make sure to have a box fan blowing air during the process to avoid any accumulation of fuel vapors.

Using a non-sparking tool to tap on the plastic ring ridges to loosen it

To change the fuel pump in a Ford Escape, you will need to access the pump through the access port under the rear seat cushion. First, lift and flip the cushion and lift the carpet to expose the port cover retaining screws and cover. Remove the cover and you will see a large plastic ring that fastens the pump/sender assembly in place.

If you have some LARGE slip joint pliers, you can use these to loosen the plastic ring. However, if you don't have these, you can use a non-sparking tool (e.g. brass) to tap on the plastic ring ridges to loosen it. Tap in a circle, following the ring as it rotates. Once loosened, you can then unscrew it by hand and lift the sender assembly out.

When reassembling, place a new O-ring seal into the groove and ensure all dirt is removed to encourage a clean seal. Tighten the large plastic ring gently but firmly—hand-tightening should be sufficient.

Disconnecting the electrical connectors and fuel/vapour lines

Firstly, access the fuel pump by lifting and flipping the rear seat cushion, lifting the carpet, and removing the port cover retaining screws and cover. You will then see the electrical connectors and fuel/vapour lines attached to the fuel pump/sender assembly.

The electrical connectors should be relatively easy to disconnect. They are self-explanatory and can be disconnected by hand.

Now, for the fuel and vapour line fittings, this part can be a bit more challenging. The fitting must be pushed 'tighter' onto the pump tube. Once the fitting is securely in place, you can then carefully pull out the retainer clip. After the retainer clip is removed, gently pull the fitting free from the tube.

It is important to note that you should have plenty of rags around the opening, as there will likely be fuel spillage during this process.

When reinstalling the new fuel pump, ensure that you place a new O-ring seal into the groove and clean the area thoroughly to encourage a clean seal.

Replacing the O-ring seal and ensuring a clean seal

To replace the O-ring seal and ensure a clean seal, first, you need to purchase a new O-ring seal. You can find these at Advance Auto Parts, which offers a range of O-ring seals for the Ford Escape, including the Motorcraft Fuel Pump Tank Seal and the Carquest Premium Fuel Pump Tank Seal.

Once you have your new O-ring, you will need to remove the old one. This can be done by gently prying it off with a non-sparking tool or a set of large slip-joint pliers. Be careful not to damage the O-ring seat on the fuel pump as you remove the old seal.

Next, clean the O-ring seat on the fuel pump and the surface of the fuel pump housing that the O-ring will seal against. Ensure that these surfaces are free of dirt, grease, or any other debris that could compromise the seal.

Now, take your new O-ring and place it into the groove on the fuel pump, making sure that it is seated properly and fully engaged in the groove. You may wish to apply a small amount of lubricant to the O-ring to help it slide into place and form a better seal. However, this is not necessary, and you should avoid using too much lubricant, as it can cause the O-ring to slip out of place when you tighten the locking ring.

Finally, carefully lower the fuel pump back into the housing, making sure that the O-ring does not become dislodged or twisted as you do so. Secure the fuel pump in place by gently tightening the locking ring. Hand-tightening should be sufficient and will help prevent damage to the O-ring.

With the new O-ring in place and the fuel pump secured, you can now reconnect the electrical connectors and fuel lines and reassemble the fuel pump access port.

Troubleshooting a non-functioning fuel pump

Common Symptoms of a Faulty Fuel Pump:

• Hesitation or stumbling during acceleration
• Reduced engine power and performance
• Frequent stalling or difficulty starting the engine
• Reduced fuel efficiency
• Check engine light illumination

Initial Checks:

• Inspect the Fuel Pump Relay: Locate the fuel pump relay near the rear defrost relay in the fuse box. Check for any signs of corrosion, dirt, or loose connections. Clean or tighten the connections if needed.
• Test Relay Continuity: Use a multimeter to test the continuity between the relay's terminals. This will help determine if the relay is faulty or if the issue lies elsewhere.
• Inspect the Fuel Pump Fuse: Identify the fuel pump fuse in the fuse box, typically clearly labeled. Remove and inspect the fuse for any damage or wear. Replace it with a new fuse of the same amperage rating if necessary.
• Swap Relays for Diagnostic Testing: Swap the fuel pump relay with the rear defrost relay to help identify the issue. If the problem persists, it may lie elsewhere in the system.

Further Troubleshooting:

• Verify Electrical Connections: Ensure all electrical connections are secure and free from corrosion. Inspect the wires leading to the fuel pump relay for any fraying or damage.
• Test Circuit Continuity: Use a multimeter to test the continuity of the circuit connected to the fuel pump relay.
• Inspect the Wiring Harness: Check the wiring harness around the relay for any signs of wear or deterioration. Look for any overheating or burning marks near the connections.
• Check Voltage: Measure the voltage at the fuel pump relay to ensure the electrical connection is functioning correctly.

Additional Considerations:

• Fuel Filter: A clogged or dirty fuel filter can restrict fuel flow and lead to low fuel pressure. Consider replacing the fuel filter if it's been a while.
• Fuel Injectors: Clogged or malfunctioning fuel injectors can contribute to low fuel pressure. They may need to be cleaned or replaced.
• Fuel Pressure Regulator: If the fuel pressure regulator is faulty, it can cause low fuel pressure. Inspect and replace it if necessary.
• Fuel Lines and Connections: Leaks or blockages in the fuel lines or connections can lead to low fuel pressure. Inspect the entire fuel system for any issues.

When to Seek Professional Help:

If you're uncomfortable with DIY repairs or if the problem persists after troubleshooting, it's best to consult a certified mechanic or a Ford dealership for accurate diagnosis and repair. They will have the expertise to efficiently address any underlying issues related to the fuel pump.

Frequently asked questions