Mercedes Mullins
Polyethylene gas tanks can sometimes emit a fuel smell or vapour due to the permeability of the plastic. While this is more common in older tanks, some newer tanks may still exhibit this issue. In some cases, the fuel smell may be caused by a leak or spill, rather than permeation through the tank walls. It is recommended to perform a pressure test to check for leaks and ensure the tank is properly sealed. Additionally, proper ventilation and circulation can help alleviate fuel smells and vapours.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Do polyethylene gas tanks permeate fuel smell vapour? | Yes, older 1 and 2-layer polyethylene tanks can permeate fuel smell vapour. However, newer EPA-certified tanks are 3 layers and do not permeate odours. |
| Factors influencing the smell | Proximity to the tank, recent refills, temperature inversion, and ventilation can all impact the intensity of the smell. |
| Potential causes | Leaks, seal issues due to pressure buildup, or permeability of the plastic tank. |
| Solutions | Pressure testing the tank, replacing hoses with proper specifications, improving ventilation, and using a fan can help alleviate the smell. |
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What You'll Learn
Polyethylene gas tanks can smell without leaking
Users of plastic gas tanks have reported a strong smell of gas, even when no leak was present. This is more common with older poly tanks, which can permeate gas fumes. One user reported that they had to store their boat with the hatches open, as the poly tank would otherwise cause a strong smell of gas. Another user reported that they had to pressure test their tank and replace all hoses with the proper specifications.
The type of polyethylene used for fuel tanks also matters. Cross-linked polyethylene is used for fuel holding, while linear polyethylene is used for water and waste tanks. If the wrong type of polyethylene is used, it can become saturated with petroleum and cause a smell.
It is important to note that while a polyethylene gas tank can smell without leaking, it is always a good idea to get a pressure check and ensure that there are no leaks. A leak below the deck where vapor can accumulate can be dangerous.
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Older poly tanks permeate ethanol/gas fumes
Polyethylene gas tanks can emit a fuel smell or vapour, even if there is no leak. This is more common in older poly tanks, which can permeate ethanol/gas fumes. Newer EPA-certified fuel tanks are made with three layers and include special valves and charcoal filters to prevent this issue.
Some users have reported smelling gas or diesel fumes from their plastic gas tanks, even when there is no visible leak. This is likely due to the permeation of fumes through the tank material, especially in older, single or double-layered poly tanks. The current EPA-approved poly tanks do not permeate odours, but it is still recommended to pressure test the tank and ensure all hoses meet the proper specifications.
Polyethylene fuel tanks must be made of cross-linked polyethylene, which is different from the linear polyethylene used for water and waste tanks. Petroleum can permeate linear polyethylene, but not cross-linked polyethylene. However, even cross-linked polyethylene may not be suitable for all chemicals. For example, chemicals with a similar chemical structure to polyethylene, such as hydrocarbon-based compounds like gasoline and kerosene, can potentially permeate the material and leak through the tank.
To minimise the smell of fuel vapours, it is recommended to keep gas tanks as cool as possible and out of direct sunlight. Additionally, ensuring good tight fittings and using low permeability hoses can help reduce the escape of fumes.
In some cases, the smell of fuel may be due to a loose fitting or leaking gas, rather than permeation through the tank material. It is important to check for any potential leaks and ensure that all fuel lines are Type A1 if using alcohol or ethanol to prevent permeation and potential safety hazards.
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New EPA-certified fuel tanks are 3-layered
Polyethylene gas tanks can sometimes smell of fuel, even when there is no leak. This is due to the fuel vapour permeating the tank. The older 1 and 2-layer poly tanks permeate ethanol/gas fumes. The current EPA-certified fuel tanks are 3-layered and do not permeate odours. They are designed to hold up to 5 psi of pressure caused by ambient temperature changes or heating from the sun. They also feature a multi-function tank fill cap with a red button in the centre.
The new EPA-certified fuel tanks are a result of a partnership between West Marine and the marine fuel tank manufacturer Moeller. These tanks are heavier in construction, reducing swelling. They also feature a half-gallon fuel reserve sump at the bottom of the tank and a 360-degree rotating fuel pickup connection. The glass fuel gauge sight window won't discolour in the sun, and the high-profile fill cap protects the fuel pickup connection from damage.
The EPA-certified tanks also differ from older tanks in terms of venting. Older fuel tanks had a manually operated vent that allowed users to release vapour pressure in the tank to the atmosphere. The new EPA-certified tanks do not include this feature and instead have a non-venting cap. This change helps to prevent the continuous release of fuel vapours into the environment.
The EPA has also mandated changes to fuel lines to reduce emissions. In 2009, fuel lines were redesigned to include a barrier layer to prevent evaporation, making them less pliable and more susceptible to permanent kinking. Fuel lines must meet specific permeation emission standards, with EPA Low-Emission Fuel Lines having permeation emissions at or below 10 g/m^2/day. These changes ensure that EPA-certified fuel tanks and fuel lines meet strict environmental standards and contribute to a near-zero-emissions policy.
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Fuel lines should be Type A1
Fuel lines are a critical component of any marine vessel, as they transport fuel from the tank to the engine and control the flow of fuel vapours. The type of fuel line used is critical for safety, performance, and longevity.
A1 fuel lines are the industry standard for fuel feed applications, particularly in enclosed spaces such as engine compartments or below-deck areas. These fuel lines are designed for maximum safety and durability. They are fire-resistant, able to withstand fire for at least 2.5 minutes, and have low permeability, minimising fuel vapour loss to less than 15 grams per square meter per day. A1 fuel lines are also high-pressure rated, making them suitable for handling the higher operating pressures associated with fuel feed systems.
A2 fuel lines, on the other hand, are used in fuel fill and vent systems, typically installed in enclosed areas where fuel vapour needs to be safely managed. However, they are not intended for fuel feed applications due to their lower fire resistance and higher permeability. Similarly, B1 fuel lines are designed for fuel feed applications in ventilated areas like above-deck spaces. While B1 lines can handle fuel like A1 lines, they should not be used in enclosed areas due to their lower fire resistance.
It is important to note that older fuel lines, such as the Type B-1 or B-2, have higher permeability and should be replaced with quality MPI hoses to prevent ethanol from eating or dissolving the inner liner.
Therefore, to ensure maximum safety and durability, it is recommended that fuel lines be Type A1, especially in enclosed spaces where fuel vapour buildup can be a serious concern.
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Temperature inversion can cause tanks to vent fumes
Polyethylene gas tanks can sometimes smell like they are leaking fuel, even when there is no leak. This is due to the tank permeating ethanol/gas fumes. Older 1 and 2-layer poly tanks are more likely to have this issue, whereas newer EPA-certified fuel tanks are made with 3 layers and include special valves and charcoal filters to prevent permeation.
Temperature inversions can contribute to air pollution and visibility issues. They occur when a layer of warm air prevents cooler air from rising, trapping it in the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, known as the Troposphere. This phenomenon can cause pollution to become trapped, leading to the formation of smog and a decrease in air quality.
Similarly, temperature inversions can cause tanks to vent fumes by trapping the fumes at the surface level. This can result in a buildup of pressure within the tank, leading to an increased concentration of fumes in the surrounding area. The effects of temperature inversions on tank venting can vary depending on the specific conditions and the type of tank involved.
To mitigate the issue of tanks venting fumes during temperature inversions, several measures can be considered. One approach is to ensure proper ventilation by using vented gas caps or drilling small holes in the tank to release pressure. It is important to consult with experts or follow manufacturer guidelines to ensure any modifications are safe and effective.
Additionally, regular maintenance and inspections can help identify potential leaks or issues with the tank. Pressure testing the tank can also be a wise precaution to ensure there are no leaks, especially if the tank is older or has been in use for an extended period.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, older 1 and 2-layer poly tanks can allow gas vapors to pass through the plastic, resulting in a fuel smell. However, newer EPA-certified fuel tanks are 3 layers and do not permeate odors.
Older polyethylene gas tanks can permeate fuel vapors, even if there is no leak present. This can result in a strong fuel smell, even when the tank is not leaking.
If you suspect a leak, it is recommended to get a professional to pressure test the tank and check for any leaks. You can also try using a soapy water solution to lather up the tank valves and connections; if bubbles form, there is a leak.
To reduce the fuel smell, you can try improving air circulation by leaving hatches open or using fans to blow air out of the access ports. Cleaning the bilge and hidden areas where fuel vapors can accumulate can also help reduce smells.
