Sylvie Willis
The use of diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) in diesel vehicles is necessary for the engine to run and to meet EPA regulations. DEF, also known as AdBlue, is injected into the exhaust system to promote better fuel economy, increase horsepower, improve combustion, and reduce regenerations issues and engine wear. While DEF is crucial, it should not be poured directly into the fuel tank as it has its own separate tank and injection system. Instead, it is injected into the exhaust system through a pump mounted on the DEF tank. Pouring DEF into the diesel tank can cause significant damage to the fuel circuit and diesel injectors.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Use of DPF fluid | Helps burn soot more completely |
| Increases fuel efficiency | |
| Reduces combustion temperature of soot particles | |
| Makes it easier for passive regeneration to occur | |
| Can be used without dismantling the filter | |
| Is cheaper than replacing the filter | |
| Warning light disappears within 10-15 minutes of application | |
| Should be used in correct ratio with diesel | |
| Should be added to a full tank of fuel | |
| Should not be added to the diesel tank | |
| Pros of DEF | Better fuel economy |
| Increased horsepower | |
| More optimized combustion | |
| Fewer regeneration issues | |
| Less wear on the engine | |
| Releases only nitrogen and water vapour into the air |
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What You'll Learn
DPF cleaning machines
One such machine is the Filtertherm® line of DPF cleaning equipment, which offers a turnkey package solution for almost every budget. This machine uses water to clean DPFs, and can be used on all sizes and types of filters, including odd-shaped light-duty and off-road systems. It features a pre-soak station that applies a proprietary surfactant to embody particles and loosen debris, and then uses a continuous low-pressure/high-volume water stream to flush debris from the filter. The machine is non-destructive and does not compromise any precious metals inside the filter.
Another option is the Filtertherm® Drying Cabinet, which quickly dries out aqueous-cleaned DPFs and DOCs. This machine dries most aqueous-cleaned filters in 20 minutes or less, and is compact and easy to operate.
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Fuel additive instructions
Fuel additives are used to improve fuel economy, engine performance, and extend engine life. There are different types of fuel additives, including fuel system cleaners, octane boosters, lubricants, and oil additives.
When using a fuel additive, it is important to read the instructions and follow the manufacturer's recommendations. Some additives are intended as preventative measures for vehicles with very low mileage, while others are designed for light engine oil blockages. It is important to never blend additives or double up on dosages, as this could be harmful.
The supplied instructions for some additives state that they should be added to a full tank of fuel. However, some sources suggest that a higher concentration of the additive may be achieved with less fuel, improving its effectiveness.
For example, one source suggests using the Lucas Oil Marine Fuel additive, which has resulted in an overall increase in fuel economy. Another recommends using the Lucas Upper Cylinder Lubricant, which improved fuel mileage and engine performance.
It is important to note that fuel additives can be beneficial or detrimental, and it is a risk to use them. If something goes wrong, it is advised to inform a technician about any fuel additive used and provide the bottle for reference.
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Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF)
DEF, or Diesel Exhaust Fluid, is a solution made of deionized water and urea. It is used in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel engines. Diesel engines are typically operated with a lean-burn air-to-fuel ratio to ensure the full combustion of soot and prevent the exhaust of unburnt fuel. This excess air leads to the generation of NOx, which are harmful pollutants. DEF helps to convert these harmful nitrogen oxide emissions into safe water and nitrogen, which are then released into the atmosphere through the exhaust.
DEF is injected into the exhaust pipeline, where the exhaust heat decomposes it into ammonia. Within the SCR catalyst, the NOx is reduced by the ammonia into harmless water and nitrogen. This process helps diesel engines meet emission standards by reducing the amount of harmful pollutants released into the atmosphere. DEF is essential for keeping diesel engines running within federal emissions standards.
The injection rate of DEF into the exhaust depends on the specific after-treatment system but is typically 2-6% of diesel consumption volume. DEF is offered to consumers in a variety of quantities, from small containers for single or repeated usage to bulk carriers for those requiring larger amounts. It is available at some gas stations, auto parts stores, supermarkets, and large home improvement stores, as well as at truck stops for larger vehicles.
It is important to ensure that your diesel vehicle has enough DEF, as running out can cause the vehicle not to start or limit its speed. Most modern diesel vehicles will issue warnings when their DEF reservoirs run low, and it is recommended to refill them as soon as possible to maintain optimal function.
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Replacing the DPF
The Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) is a filter that captures and stores exhaust soot to reduce harmful emissions from diesel cars. DPFs are generally located close to the engine, underneath the car, and will look similar to a muffler.
If your DPF warning light comes on, you should first attempt to use a cleaner to clear any blockages as this is a much cheaper and less intrusive way of fixing the problem. If this does not work, you can consider replacing the DPF and installing a new one.
- Park on a clear, flat surface and use jacks to raise all four wheels off the ground.
- Lie right under the middle of the car to gain full access to the DPF.
- Study the exact positioning of the DPF and take photos for reference.
- Remove all the screws and bolts holding the DPF in place and keep them safe, as you will need them to install the new filter.
- Fit the new DPF in the same position as the old one, replacing all the nuts, screws, and washers.
- Tighten the DPF in place and ensure there are no leaks in the exhaust system.
- Lower the jacks one by one so that the car is resting on the floor again.
- Drive your car for 15 minutes or so, preferably on quiet, open roads, and wait for the DPF warning light to go off.
- If the DPF warning light goes off and there are no other problems, consider the replacement a success.
It is important to note that physically removing the DPF may not be a huge job, but the electronics required to keep the car's ECU happy that the DPF is working as expected can be complicated. Some owners opt for adding resistors to the DPF sensors or performing an ECU remap to remove the DPF system entirely. However, without the ability to remove the DPF from the ECU, you may be better off replacing the DPF with a compatible unit from a specialist supplier, which can cost less than half the price of a dealer-supplied unit.
Additionally, DPFs can be quite expensive, with prices ranging from £1,000 to £3,500 for a new one from a car manufacturer. As cars age, the cost of the replacement DPF could even be more than the value of the car. Therefore, it is recommended to explore other options such as cleaning the DPF or using fuel additives before resorting to replacing the DPF.
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Pros and cons of DEF
DEF, or Diesel Exhaust Fluid, is an essential component for modern diesel engines that offers several benefits. It is a mixture of purified water and urea, injected into the exhaust system to reduce harmful nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by up to 90%. This helps improve air quality and protect the environment. The use of DEF also increases fuel efficiency, resulting in lower fuel consumption and operating costs. Additionally, it optimizes combustion, leading to improved engine performance and horsepower. With reduced regenerations and less wear on the engine, DEF contributes to longer engine life.
However, there are some drawbacks to consider. One of the main cons of DEF is the additional upfront cost for purchasing and storing the fluid. It also adds nominal weight to the vehicle. Furthermore, DEF may not be readily available everywhere, and specific trucks may require a dedicated gauge or readout to monitor DEF levels.
While DEF provides significant advantages for diesel engines, it is important to use it according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Fuel additives, including DEF, can impact engine performance, and it is crucial to follow the instructions on the product label.
In summary, the pros of DEF include improved fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, enhanced engine performance, and extended engine life. On the other hand, the cons are the additional costs, weight, and storage requirements, as well as potential availability issues. Considering the benefits of reduced emissions and improved engine performance, DEF is a worthwhile investment for diesel vehicle owners, contributing to a cleaner environment and more efficient diesel engines.
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Frequently asked questions
DPF stands for Diesel Particulate Filter. It is a filter located within the exhaust system that removes harmful particles and gases from exhaust fumes.
You can pour the correct amount of DPF cleaner directly into your fuel tank just before filling up with diesel. However, it is important to read the label carefully to find out the exact amount required.
DPF fluid works by reducing the combustion temperature of soot particles, making it easier for passive regeneration to occur. This means that the exhaust does not need to be as hot to burn off the particles that have gathered in the Diesel Particulate Filter.
Yes, DPF cleaner can be poured directly into your fuel tank. However, it is important to follow the directions on the bottle and ensure that you are using the correct amount for your vehicle's fuel tank capacity.
