Mercedes Mullins
Refrigerated trucks, also known as reefer trucks, are essential for delivering temperature-sensitive goods such as food and pharmaceuticals. These trucks have two fuel storage tanks: one for the engine and one for the refrigeration unit. While the engine typically runs on diesel, the refrigeration unit uses a specialized type of diesel fuel called reefer fuel or refrigerated fuel. Reefer fuel is formulated to withstand frequent cooling and heating cycles, ensuring the reliable operation of the refrigeration equipment. It has improved stability, oxidation resistance, and lubricity, making it suitable for cold climates. This distinction in fuel types leads to differences in legal requirements, costs, and efficiency metrics. Understanding these nuances is crucial for optimizing fuel efficiency and making informed choices when refueling.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of fuel storage tanks | 2 |
| Power source for the refrigerator | Different from the truck's engine |
| Power source for the truck | Diesel |
| Reefer fuel usage calculation | Hours, not miles travelled |
| Reefer fuel usage per hour | 0.5-1 gallon |
| Reefer fuel usage per 11 hours | 5.5-11 gallons |
| Reefer fuel availability | Most gas stations for diesel trucks |
| Reefer fuel | A type of diesel with a few distinguishing characteristics |
| Reefer fuel | Cannot be used to power the truck's engine |
| Reefer fuel | Cheaper than tractor fuel |
| Reefer fuel | Cannot be used for vehicles driven on highways or public roads |
| Reefer fuel | Has lower viscosity than standard diesel |
| Reefer fuel | Contains additives to prevent gelling |
| Reefer fuel | Meets low-sulfur specifications |
| Reefer fuel | May contain lubricity additives |
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What You'll Learn
Refrigerated trucks have two fuel tanks
Refrigerated trucks, also known as "reefer" trucks, are essential for delivering temperature-sensitive goods such as food and pharmaceuticals. These trucks are designed with a separate built-in refrigeration system that helps maintain the desired temperature to keep goods fresh and unspoiled during transport.
Reefer trucks typically have two fuel tanks to serve different purposes. One tank powers the refrigeration unit, while the other powers the engine that moves the truck. The fuel used for the refrigeration unit is specifically called "reefer fuel" or "refrigerated fuel", and it is a type of diesel fuel with unique characteristics. This distinction is important because reefer fuel is not meant to power the truck's engine. Instead, it is designed for use in refrigeration systems, providing stable and reliable performance even in cold climates.
The main difference between reefer fuel and standard diesel lies in their legal classification and intended use. Reefer fuel is legally permitted for off-road vehicles and is often used in agricultural or construction equipment. It is dyed red to distinguish it from standard diesel. Reefer fuel has improved stability, oxidation resistance, and lubricity, which helps prevent gelling and clogging of filters in cold temperatures. Additionally, reefer fuel meets low-sulfur specifications, complying with emissions standards for non-road diesel engines in refrigerated containers and trucks.
On the other hand, the fuel used to power the engine of a reefer truck is typically standard diesel, also known as tractor fuel or number two diesel. This type of diesel is suitable for use in various vehicles, including tractors, trucks, and semis, and can be driven on public roads. Tractor fuel is adapted to local climate conditions and falls between gasoline and diesel in the distillation of crude oil.
It is important to note that reefer trucks may also have alternative power options. Some refrigerated transport systems can be plugged into electric power when the truck engine is not running, reducing fuel consumption and operating costs. This electric standby mode can be particularly useful during loading, unloading, or rest periods, providing flexible power options and improving overall fuel efficiency.
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Reefer fuel is a specialised diesel formulation
Refrigerated trucks, also known as "reefers", are essential for delivering temperature-sensitive goods such as food and pharmaceuticals. These vehicles have two fuel storage tanks: one for the engine and one for the refrigeration unit. While the engine typically runs on diesel, the refrigeration unit requires a specialised type of diesel known as "reefer fuel" or "refrigerated fuel".
Reefer fuel is a unique formulation of diesel designed specifically for powering refrigeration units in trucks, shipping containers, and trailers. It is a cost-effective solution for maintaining the temperature of perishable goods during transport. Unlike standard diesel, reefer fuel has a lower viscosity, allowing it to flow more easily at low temperatures. This ensures that the fuel continues to power the refrigeration unit even in cold climates. Additionally, reefer fuel contains additives to prevent gelling, a common issue with standard diesel when exposed to cold temperatures.
The specialised formulation of reefer fuel also offers improved stability and oxidation resistance. Reefer units undergo frequent cooling and heating cycles, which can accelerate the oxidation and breakdown of standard diesel fuel. By using reefer fuel, the refrigeration units can maintain their performance and reliability over extended periods. Furthermore, reefer fuel meets low-sulfur specifications and may contain lubricity additives to enhance fuel flow and combustion, even under challenging conditions.
The legal classification of reefer fuel is another important distinction. While it is a type of diesel, reefer fuel is legally restricted for use only in refrigeration units and off-road vehicles. It is typically dyed red to distinguish it from standard diesel. By using reefer fuel, operators can avoid road taxes, as it is not intended for powering vehicles on highways or public roads. This makes it a cost-effective option for agricultural, construction, and farm equipment used on private property.
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Reefer fuel is used for refrigeration, not the engine
Refrigerated trucks, also known as "reefers", are vital for maintaining the quality of perishable goods during transport. These trucks have two fuel storage tanks: one for the engine and one for the refrigeration unit. While the engine typically runs on diesel, the refrigeration unit uses a specialised type of fuel known as "reefer fuel" or "refrigerated fuel".
Reefer fuel is a type of diesel fuel specifically designed for powering refrigeration units in trucks, shipping containers, and trailers. It differs from standard diesel in several key ways. Firstly, it has a lower viscosity, which allows it to flow more easily at low temperatures, preventing clogging issues that can occur with standard diesel. Additionally, reefer fuel contains additives to prevent gelling and improve lubricity, ensuring reliable operation even under cold and cycling conditions.
The primary purpose of reefer fuel is to maintain the temperature in refrigerated trucks, ensuring that perishable cargo remains at ideal temperatures throughout the journey. The refrigeration unit operates independently of the truck's engine, allowing for precise temperature control even when the engine is turned off. This feature is particularly important for long-haul transports, where maintaining consistent temperatures is crucial for preserving temperature-sensitive goods.
The usage of reefer fuel is calculated differently from traditional tractor fuel. Instead of mileage, reefer fuel usage is estimated by the number of hours the refrigeration unit is in operation. On average, reefers consume about half a gallon to a gallon of fuel per hour, resulting in approximately 5.5 to 11 gallons of fuel consumed during the standard 11-hour driving limit.
In summary, reefer fuel is specifically designed for refrigeration units in vehicles transporting temperature-sensitive goods. Its unique characteristics, such as lower viscosity and additives, ensure reliable operation and temperature control. By powering the refrigeration unit independently of the engine, reefer fuel plays a critical role in maintaining the quality and freshness of perishable cargo during transport.
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Reefer fuel is available at most gas stations
Refrigerated trucks, also known as "reefers", are essential for businesses that need to transport temperature-sensitive goods, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and other perishable cargo. These trucks have two fuel storage tanks: one for the engine and one for the refrigerator. While the engine typically runs on diesel, the refrigeration unit uses a specialised type of diesel known as "reefer fuel" or "refrigerated fuel".
Reefer fuel is specifically designed to power refrigeration units in trucks, shipping containers, and trailers. It is a type of diesel fuel that has been formulated to perform well in cold climates and frequent cooling/heating cycles. This fuel has improved stability, oxidation resistance, and lubricity, thanks to the addition of special additives. Unlike standard diesel, reefer fuel has a lower viscosity, allowing it to flow more easily at low temperatures and preventing clogging.
Reefer fuel is readily available at most gas stations, making it convenient for drivers to refuel their refrigerated trucks. This fuel can also be found at all-terrain vehicle service and sales companies, as it is commonly used in off-road vehicles. It is important to note that reefer fuel cannot be used to power the truck's engine; it is solely for the refrigeration unit. By law, reefer fuel cannot be used to power vehicles on highways or public roads, which is why it is commonly used in agricultural, construction, and off-road equipment.
The availability of reefer fuel at gas stations is crucial for businesses relying on refrigerated trucks. The refrigeration units consume about half a gallon to a gallon of fuel per hour, and with driving limits of 11 hours, the fuel consumption can be significant. Proper maintenance of the refrigeration system, ambient temperature, and the trailer's overall condition can also impact fuel efficiency. Additionally, drivers need to ensure they keep the trailer doors closed as much as possible to avoid burning through their fuel too quickly.
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Electric standby refrigeration reduces fuel consumption
Refrigerated trucks, also known as reefers, are essential for delivering temperature-sensitive goods such as food, pharmaceuticals, and other perishables. These trucks typically have two fuel tanks: one for the engine and one for the refrigeration unit. The refrigeration unit is powered by a separate engine that cools the trailer, and the fuel used for this unit is often diesel.
However, diesel fuel for refrigeration units can be costly, and the constant running of the engine to maintain the temperature leads to higher fuel consumption and more frequent refuelling. This is where electric standby refrigeration technology comes in as an effective solution.
Electric standby refrigeration systems are designed to reduce fuel consumption and save costs for refrigerated trucks. This technology allows the refrigeration unit to operate normally even when the vehicle's diesel engine is turned off. By plugging the refrigeration unit into an external electric power source, such as shore power, the system can maintain the required temperature without relying solely on diesel fuel. This is especially beneficial during staging or when the truck is stationary, as it eliminates the need to keep the engine running.
The use of electric standby power technology results in significant fuel savings. For example, in hot and humid regions like the Southeast United States, a company with 250 refrigerated trailers equipped with electric standby systems can save up to $20,000 per week by plugging the trailers into the electric grid when parked. Additionally, this technology reduces noise pollution and provides a more pleasant environment for drivers to rest, as the truck units become silent when plugged in.
Furthermore, electric standby systems offer extended shelf life for perishable items by maintaining a safe temperature even when the engine is off. They also contribute to reduced emissions, making them more environmentally friendly than traditional diesel-powered refrigeration systems. With lower fuel consumption and fewer emissions, electric standby refrigeration technology not only saves costs but also helps make refrigerated transport more sustainable and efficient.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, refrigerated trucks run on diesel fuel. However, they have two fuel tanks: one for diesel, which powers the engine, and another for reefer fuel, which powers the refrigeration unit.
Reefer fuel, or refrigerated fuel, is a type of diesel fuel that powers the refrigeration units on refrigerated shipping containers, trucks, and trailers. It has a lower viscosity than standard diesel, allowing it to flow more easily at low temperatures and prevent filter clogging. It also contains additives to improve lubricity and reduce wear and tear caused by constant cooling and heating cycles.
Yes, today's transport refrigeration systems can be plugged into electric power when the truck engine is not running, reducing fuel consumption and operating costs. This is known as the electric standby mode, which is available on both diesel-powered and electric refrigeration systems.
