Rajan Wilcox
Fuel tank baffles are an essential component of vehicle performance, particularly for those converted to EFI. Baffles are used to control fuel slosh, which can cause fuel starvation and negatively impact lap times and speed. The placement of baffles is critical, as improper positioning can lead to issues during turns when fuel is pulled away from the pump. For vehicles used in drag racing, a fuel cell is an effective solution, while road racing may require a different baffle installation method. The type of vehicle and its intended use are key factors in determining the ideal location and configuration of baffles within the fuel tank.
Characteristics and Values of Fuel Tank Baffle Placement
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Placement | Baffles should be placed in the correct location to control fuel slosh, especially during turns |
| Fuel Pump Position | The fuel pump should not be mounted at the front corner of the tank to avoid fuel starvation issues |
| Baffle Size | The baffled area for the fuel pump should be small enough to control fuel slosh effectively |
| Baffle Type | Vertical baffles are used to prevent horizontal travel of fluids |
| Attachment Method | Bolts or magnets can be used to secure baffles, with bolts preferred to avoid potential damage from magnets |
| Fuel Return Line | Dumping the fuel return line into the sump can help with fuel starvation issues |
| Fuel Type | Baffles are important for vehicles with fuel injection systems to maintain consistent pressure |
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What You'll Learn
Fuel tank baffle requirements
Firstly, fuel tanks must adhere to specific construction and installation requirements. These requirements include the use of approved materials, such as nickel-copper for tanks up to a certain capacity, and the thickness of the tank walls. All joints and fittings must be securely welded or brazed to prevent leakage. Fuel tanks must also be adequately supported, electrically bonded to the common ground, and installed to allow for examination, testing, and removal for cleaning.
Baffle plates, when required, must be constructed from the same material as the fuel tank and be of equal or greater thickness. They should be securely connected to the tank walls by welding or brazing. Limber holes at the bottom and air holes at the top of the baffle plates are essential for proper ventilation and fuel flow. The placement of the baffles within the fuel tank is critical to their effectiveness.
The location of the fuel pump in relation to the baffles is a key consideration. Mounting the fuel pump in the front corner of the tank, as in the case of Project Track Attack, resulted in fuel starvation issues during right turns. The baffles must be positioned to ensure consistent fuel delivery to the pump during various driving conditions, including left and right turns, acceleration, and deceleration.
Additionally, the driving style and intended use of the vehicle should influence the design and placement of the baffles. For example, a fuel cell with a smaller baffled area may be suitable for drag racing, while a road racing or regular driver may require a different baffle configuration to maintain fuel volume and trunk space. The use of magnets to secure baffles in plastic fuel tanks has been suggested, but there are concerns about potential damage to the tank and the strength of the magnets. Proper research and consultation with experts are recommended to ensure the effectiveness and safety of any baffle installation.
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Securing baffles in a plastic fuel tank
An alternative method is to bolt the baffle in place using the flange bolts at the top of the tank. This creates a tight fit vertically, minimising any potential for deflection. One user opted for this method, constructing their baffle out of aluminium.
Another option is to use the oil container as the sump for the pump, along with fuel cell foam. This method also requires ensuring that the return port goes straight to the sump.
One user suggested a unique approach: they plan to cut an oil jug into an appropriate shape, secure it in the tank, and hang the pump in this baffle. They are considering using magnets to secure the baffle, but they are hesitant to drill through the bottom of the tank or hang the baffle from the filler plate flange.
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Baffle placement to prevent fuel starvation
Baffles are an essential component of fuel tanks, helping to control fuel slosh and prevent fuel starvation. Fuel slosh occurs when fuel rushes backward or forward, shifting the centre of gravity and causing oscillations that affect the vehicle's performance and handling.
To prevent fuel starvation, the placement of baffles is crucial. One common issue is when the fuel pump is mounted at the front corner of the tank, which can lead to fuel starvation during right turns as the fuel is pulled away from the pump. In this case, relocating the fuel pump to a more optimal position within the tank can help resolve the issue.
The goal is to keep the fuel as close to the vehicle's centre line as possible, optimising weight balance and keeping the centre of gravity low. This helps prevent fuel starvation under acceleration, especially after braking or during corner exits when fuel has been forced to one side. Baffles with one-way trap doors can direct fuel to the rear centre compartment, maintaining symmetry and weight balance.
Additionally, the size of the baffled area matters. A smaller baffled area around the fuel pump can improve fuel control. The baffles should slow the movement of fuel between different sections of the tank, allowing fuel to flow but not too quickly. This prevents fuel starvation by ensuring a consistent fuel supply to the pump.
For vehicles converted to EFI, there are various methods to manage fuel slosh. A fuel cell is effective for drag racing, but it reduces trunk space and fuel volume, making it less ideal for regular drivers. Baffles, multiple pickups, and tank foam can also help address fuel slosh and starvation issues.
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Horizontal vs vertical baffles
Fuel tank baffles are an important component of fuel delivery systems, ensuring consistent pressure and preventing fuel starvation issues. Horizontal and vertical baffles each have their own advantages and considerations:
Horizontal Baffles
Horizontal baffles are placed horizontally across the fuel tank. While they can effectively control fuel slosh, there are some potential challenges. Horizontal baffles may interfere with fuel level sensors, particularly those that use ultrasonics to determine the fuel level from outside the tank. In such cases, vertical baffles may be a more suitable option.
Vertical Baffles
Vertical baffles are positioned vertically within the fuel tank and are designed to prevent the horizontal travel of fluids. They can be more compatible with fuel level sensors, as they do not obstruct the ultrasonic signals. However, it is important to ensure that vertical baffles are securely installed to minimise the potential for deflection. Bolting the baffles using flange bolts at the top of the tank can provide a secure and tight fit.
Factors Influencing the Choice of Baffle Orientation
The decision between horizontal and vertical baffles depends on several factors. Firstly, the intended use of the vehicle is crucial. For drag racing, a fuel cell can effectively control fuel slosh, but for regular drivers, the loss of trunk space and fuel volume becomes a consideration. Additionally, the location of the fuel pump plays a significant role in baffle placement. If the pump is mounted at the front corner of the tank, right turns can cause fuel starvation issues, impacting lap times and speed. Therefore, baffles should be strategically positioned to address these challenges effectively.
In conclusion, both horizontal and vertical baffles have their advantages and considerations. The choice between the two depends on factors such as vehicle usage, fuel pump location, and compatibility with fuel level sensors. Proper baffle placement is essential to ensure optimal fuel delivery and performance during competitive events.
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Using magnets to secure baffles
Firstly, it is important to consider the material of the fuel tank. Many tanks are made from plastic or aluminium, which may not be magnetic. In such cases, magnets would not be an effective method of securing baffles.
Secondly, there is a risk that the magnets may damage the fuel tank. If the magnets are too strong, they could potentially damage the tank wall. Conversely, if the magnets are not strong enough, they may slip out of place, causing the baffle to become loose and ineffective.
Thirdly, the placement of the magnets is crucial. Some suggest using magnets to secure the baffle to the bottom of the tank, as well as one inside the fuel tank. However, this may require drilling holes in the tank, which some may wish to avoid.
Additionally, it is important to consider the potential for scratching and paint damage. If the magnets are not properly protected, they may attract small metal filings or debris, which can then scratch the tank when the magnets come into contact with the surface.
Finally, while magnets can secure loose baffles to prevent noise and flopping, they may not effectively serve the purpose of a baffle in controlling fuel slosh.
Overall, while using magnets to secure baffles in a fuel tank is a possible option, it requires careful consideration and may not be suitable for all situations. It is important to weigh the benefits against the potential risks and limitations before proceeding.
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Frequently asked questions
Fuel tank baffles are used to control fuel delivery and prevent fuel slosh in vehicles converted to EFI.
The placement of fuel tank baffles is crucial to ensure consistent fuel pressure and prevent fuel starvation issues, especially during hard turns or competitive events. Improper placement can lead to fuel slosh and affect lap times and speed.
There are different methods to secure fuel tank baffles in a plastic fuel tank. Some people use flange bolts at the top, while others prefer using magnets to hold the baffle in place. The driving style, such as drag racing or road racing, also determines the placement and installation method of the baffles.
