Sylvie Willis
A fuel tank inlet check valve is a device that allows fuel to flow into a tank and prevents the fuel from flowing out of the tank once it is filled. This is done to prevent wellback (the reverse flow of fuel out of the tank after refuelling) and spitback. Check valves are normally closed and are opened by the presence of fuel running down the fill pipe during refuelling. They can be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Prevent reverse flow of fuel out of the fuel tank |
| Direction of flow | One-way |
| Flow rate | 18 gallons per minute |
| Valve material | Machined or cast aluminium |
| Valve colour | White polymer |
| Valve connection | 0°, 45° or 90° hose barb |
| Tank material | Plastic or metal |
| Tank fitting | 1-1/2" or 2" |
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What You'll Learn
ICVs prevent reverse fuel flow
ICVs, or inlet check valves, are used to prevent reverse fuel flow, also known as wellback, and spitback. Wellback refers to the reverse flow of fuel out of the fill pipe after refuelling is completed. Spitback is a similar phenomenon, where fuel exits the fill pipe during the refuelling process. These valves are normally closed but are opened by the presence of fuel running down the fill pipe during refuelling.
ICVs are designed to handle high incoming fuel flow rates, with Perko's ICVs capable of handling rates in excess of 18 gallons per minute. ICVs can be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe. Tank-mounted ICVs can be flanged, threaded, welded, or swivel, with each type designed for a specific type of tank. Flanged valves are for plastic tanks, threaded and welded valves are for metal tanks, and swivel valves can be used for both plastic and metal tanks.
In-pipe ICVs, such as Perko's "In-Pipe ICV", fit inside the fuel inlet fitting itself, replacing in-line ICVs and eliminating four hose clamps and two potential leak points. This type of ICV is designed to fit inside standard 1-1/2" tank fill inlet fittings and can be used with plastic or metal tanks.
ICVs are an essential component of fuel systems, ensuring that fuel flows in the desired direction during and after refuelling, preventing wellback and spitback, and protecting the fuel tank and connected components from damage.
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They are normally closed valves
A fuel tank inlet check valve is a crucial component in fuel systems, particularly in aircraft and automotive applications. Its primary function is to allow fuel to flow into the tank during refuelling while preventing the fuel from flowing back out. These valves are designed to open when fuel is flowing into the tank and close when the flow stops, creating a one-way passage for fuel. One of the key characteristics of these valves is that they are normally closed, which means they remain shut when there is no inflow of fuel. This feature is essential to maintain the fuel inside the tank and prevent leakage or spillage, ensuring the vehicle's or aircraft's safety. Normally closed valves rely on spring mechanisms or gravity to stay closed when at rest. When fuel flows into the tank, the force of the incoming fuel or the weight of the fuel itself opens the valve, allowing fuel to enter. As soon as the refuelling process stops and the inflow ceases, the spring mechanism or gravity returns the valve to its closed position, providing a secure seal.
The normally closed design of these valves is a fundamental safety feature. It ensures that the fuel tank's contents remain securely contained within the tank, mitigating the risk of fuel leakage, which could lead to fires or explosions. Additionally, this design prevents contaminants, water, or foreign objects from entering the tank when the vehicle is not being refuelled, thus maintaining fuel quality and engine performance. Another advantage of normally closed valves is their ability to maintain pressure within the fuel tank. When the valve is closed, it helps to seal the tank, preventing the release of fuel vapors and maintaining the appropriate pressure balance, which is vital for the overall integrity of the fuel system.
In aircraft applications, the normally closed nature of these valves becomes especially critical. Aircraft experience significant changes in pressure and temperature during flight, and the fuel system must be able to withstand these variations. By being normally closed, the valves contribute to maintaining the required pressure differential between the fuel tank and the external environment, reducing the risk of structural damage or fuel leakage due to pressure changes. Furthermore, during refuelling, the check valves prevent fuel from flowing back out, ensuring a secure and efficient refuelling process.
The functionality of normally closed fuel tank inlet check valves also extends to ground-based vehicles, such as cars and trucks. During the operation of these vehicles, the valves remain closed, preventing fuel spillage even when the vehicles are in motion or navigating inclines. This not only ensures the safety of the vehicle by mitigating fire hazards but also protects the environment from fuel leakage, which could cause soil and water contamination. Additionally, the normally closed design plays a crucial role in rollover accidents. In such situations, the valves swiftly shut, preventing a large fuel spill, thereby reducing the risk of fire and providing valuable time for occupants to escape.
Overall, the normally closed design of fuel tank inlet check valves is a fundamental aspect of their operation and safety. By remaining closed when at rest and opening only during refuelling, these valves ensure the secure containment of fuel, prevent leakage, maintain pressure, and safeguard against contaminants. Whether in aircraft or ground vehicle applications, these valves play a critical role in fuel system integrity and safety, contributing to efficient and reliable performance.
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ICVs are designed for plastic and metal tanks
ICVs, or Inlet Check Valves, are designed to prevent wellback (the reverse flow of fuel out of the fill pipe after refuelling) and spitback. They are normally closed valves that open in the presence of fuel running down the fill pipe during refuelling. ICVs can be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe.
ICVs are designed to be used with plastic or metal tanks. They can be flanged (for plastic tanks), threaded or welded (for metal tanks), or swivel (for both plastic and metal tanks). ICVs can also be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe.
Perko's patent-pending "In-Pipe ICV" fits inside the fuel pipe itself, replacing in-line ICVs and eliminating four hose clamps and two leak points. It mounts inside standard 1-1/2" tank fill inlet fittings (1-3/8" I.D.). For plastic tanks, in-pipe ICVs eliminate the need to retool the existing doghouse.
Swivel valves are another option for ICVs designed for plastic and metal tanks. They include the valve, valve housing, o-ring, snap ring, and tank insert. Custom ICVs are also available for specialized applications.
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ICVs can be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe
ICVs, or inlet check valves, are used to prevent wellback and spitback, which are the reverse flow of fuel out of the fill pipe after refuelling. They are normally closed valves that open when fuel runs down the fill pipe during refuelling. ICVs can be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe.
Tank-mounted ICVs can be flanged, threaded, welded, or swivel. Flanged valves are for plastic tanks, threaded valves mount with a 1.5" NPTF thread, and welded and swivel valves are for metal tanks. Swivel valves include the valve, valve housing, o-ring, snap ring, and tank insert.
ICVs can also be inserted into the fill pipe, either inside the fuel inlet fitting itself or inside the hose near the connection to the fuel tank. Perko's "In-Pipe ICV" fits inside the fuel inlet fitting, replacing in-line ICVs and eliminating four hose clamps and two potential leak points. In-hose ICVs mount inside a 1.5" or 2" fill hose and also eliminate the need for retooling the doghouse on plastic tanks.
Both tank-mounted and in-pipe ICVs help to prevent wellback and spitback, ensuring that fuel flows smoothly into the tank during refuelling without leaking or backing up.
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ICVs prevent spitback and wellback
ICVs, or Inlet Check Valves, are used to prevent spitback and wellback, which is the reverse flow of fuel out of the fill pipe after refuelling. These valves are normally closed, only opening when fuel is running down the fill pipe during refuelling.
ICVs can be tank-mounted or inserted into the fill pipe. They are designed to handle incoming fuel flows in excess of 18 gallons per minute. Perko ICVs, for example, can be mounted on plastic tanks with a flanged valve, or on metal tanks with a threaded or welded valve. Swivel valves are also available for both plastic and metal tanks.
Perko's "In-Pipe ICV" is designed to fit inside the fuel inlet fitting itself, eliminating the need for hose clamps and reducing potential leak points. This design can be used with plastic or metal tanks and allows for full 18 gpm flow rates.
ICVs are an essential component of fuel systems, helping to prevent the unwanted backflow of fuel and ensuring a smooth and efficient refuelling process.
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Frequently asked questions
A fuel tank inlet check valve is a mechanical device that allows fuel to flow in one direction and prevents the reverse flow of fuel out of the fill pipe after refuelling.
A fuel tank inlet check valve helps to prevent wellback (the reverse flow of fuel) and spitback.
A fuel tank inlet check valve is a normally closed valve that is opened by the presence of fuel running down the fill pipe during refuelling.
Fuel tank inlet check valves are used in fuel systems with plastic or metal tanks. They are commonly used in gasoline systems.
Fuel tank inlet check valves help to prevent fuel surges and backsplash during refuelling, protecting the fuel tank and connected components from damage.
