Katerina Swanson
The Scheid Diesel P7100 pump is a high-performance fuel injection pump that has been customised to use a 16mm plunger, as opposed to the standard 12mm plunger found in stock P-pumps. The increased diameter of the plunger allows for a higher rate of fuel injection, resulting in greater power output. This modification is part of advancements in mechanical injection pumps, specifically for use in sled pulling sports. The Scheid Diesel P7100 pump is capable of producing more than 1,500cc of fuel and spinning at over 7,000 rpm. This article will explore the impact of the 16mm plunger on fuel movement and the overall performance of the pump.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Diameter | 16mm |
| Function | To move media through a cylindrical chamber |
| Movement | Up and down in the plunger sleeve |
| Fuel production | More than 1,500cc of fuel |
| RPM | More than 7,000 |
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What You'll Learn
The Scheid Diesel P7100 pump
The P7100 pump is capable of producing more than 1,500cc of fuel and spinning at speeds of over 7,000 rpm. To achieve this, Scheid Diesel has made extensive modifications to the original P-pump design, including the use of proprietary coatings on the camshaft, plungers, and other parts to increase durability. The pump cam, an important component in the 16mm build, was also designed by Scheid and features their proprietary coatings, improving reliability and reducing friction.
The P7100 conversion kit offered by Scheid Diesel includes everything needed to add the pump to a compatible vehicle. The kit addresses the challenges of integrating a larger pump, such as the need for an external oil feed line to lubricate the governor springs and weights, and a modified throttle linkage to accommodate the P7100's requirements.
Overall, the Scheid Diesel P7100 pump represents a significant advancement in diesel fuel injection technology, showcasing the potential for increased performance and power through innovative modifications to the P-pump design.
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The role of the pump cam
The pump cam is an integral part of a fuel injection pump. The cam drives the plunger to compress the fuel, generating pressure. The camshaft rotates, causing the plunger to move up and down in the plunger sleeve. As the cam starts to rise, pumping begins. When the cam has dropped back to its base circle, the spill valve is closed and ready for the next injection.
In the case of the Scheid Diesel P7100 pump, the pump cam is designed by Scheid and features proprietary coatings, which improve reliability, smoothness of operation, and reduce friction. The pump cam is one of the two basic parts that are very important to fueling in the P7100, the other being the plungers.
The pump cam is also critical in the Electronic Unit Pump (EUP) fuel system, which is used in heavy-duty diesel engines. The EUP system consists of three critical parts: the pump, the fuel pipe, and the injector. The cam drives the plunger to compress the fuel, generating pressure. The high-pressure fuel then flows to the high-pressure fuel pipe and finally to the injector.
Optimising the cam profile of an EUP system can improve performance. A new pump cam, the constant-pressure cam, helps the EUP run at a higher speed and deliver larger fuel quantities while maintaining a constant peak injection pressure, which improves the power of the heavy-duty diesel engine.
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How plunger diameter impacts fuel injection rate
The plunger is a key part of a fuel injection pump. The plunger and the plunger sleeve are precise matching parts. The plunger sleeve has a small hole called a suction port that is filled with diesel oil. When the inclined groove of the plunger faces the suction port, the diesel oil enters the plunger sleeve, and the plunger is driven by the camshaft.
The plunger diameter impacts the fuel injection rate. A larger plunger diameter increases the rate at which fuel is injected, which also increases power. For example, a 16mm plunger pump can produce more than 1,500cc of fuel and spin more than 7,000 rpm. In contrast, a 12mm plunger pump is a standard size for normal core pumps.
The relationship between plunger diameter and injection rate is further demonstrated in a study on the flow rate characteristics of a marine diesel engine. The study found that the discharge flow rate increased with a larger plunger diameter, which minimised wearing between the barrel and plunger.
Additionally, the plunger speed and pressure also impact the injection rate. Plunger speed typically ranges from 150 to 350 ft/min, and higher plunger pressure can be achieved with a larger plunger diameter.
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The importance of proprietary coatings
Fuel injection pumps with larger plungers can inject fuel at a quicker rate, leading to more usable fuel production. The plunger diameter increases the rate at which fuel is injected, which also increases power. The heart of a big pump build starts with normal 12mm core pumps, and a lot of work is done to integrate 16mm plungers into the system.
The key part of the fuel injection pump is the plunger. The plunger and the plunger sleeve are very precise matching parts. The plunger discharges a certain amount of diesel oil each time, but only a part of it is sprayed into the cylinder, and the rest is drained from the oil return hole. The fuel quantity is used to adjust the fuel injection quantity.
Proprietary coatings are essential in fuel injection systems to improve reliability, smoothness of operation, and reduce friction. For instance, Scheid Diesel's 16mm plunger pumps feature proprietary coatings that improve performance. These coatings are also crucial in extending the lifetime of coated components and reducing global greenhouse gas emissions.
Low-friction, high-hardness, and wear-resistant coatings, such as diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings, are commonly used in combustion engine components and fuel injection systems. DLC coatings are applied to various components, such as fuel injection and high-pressure pump components, to reduce friction and increase load-bearing capabilities. They also protect high-load components in low-viscosity oils and future decarbonized e-fuels.
Additionally, DLC coatings are an excellent choice for fuel injection system components due to their ability to withstand high pressures and reduce wear. These coatings are especially beneficial for components operating in a mixed lubrication regime, where fuel serves as the only lubrication media.
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The function of the helix-shaped plunger
The helix-shaped plunger is an integral part of the fuel injection pump, which regulates the amount of fuel delivered to the engine, thereby controlling the engine's speed. The plunger's movement is driven by the camshaft, which causes it to move up and down within the plunger sleeve. This movement is similar to the action of a syringe, with the plunger acting as the movable plug and the sleeve as the barrel.
The helix shape of the plunger plays a crucial role in controlling the timing and volume of fuel injection. By rotating the helix, the spill port is uncovered, which affects the duration of fuel injection and the engine speed. When the spill port is covered for a longer period, more fuel is injected, increasing the engine speed. Conversely, when the spill port is covered for a shorter duration, less fuel is injected, resulting in a decrease in engine speed.
The design of the helix-shaped plunger involves calculating the port positions on the plunger development diagram and then drawing tangents to determine the top and bottom helix lines. The pitches of these helices are then geometrically calculated. The helix shape ensures that the fuel injection pump can effectively regulate fuel delivery based on the engine's requirements.
Additionally, the helix-shaped plunger, in conjunction with the pump cam, contributes to the overall performance of the injection pump. The pump cam's profile can influence the rate of fuel injection, with certain profiles injecting more fuel at a quicker rate. The combination of the helix-shaped plunger and an optimized pump cam enhances the efficiency and precision of fuel injection in the engine.
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Frequently asked questions
The amount of fuel moved by a 16mm plunger depends on several factors, including the type of pump, engine speed, and pressure. A 16mm plunger in a P7100 pump can produce more than 1,500cc of fuel and spin more than 7,000 rpm.
A plunger fuel injection pump works by using a plunger to move fuel through a cylindrical chamber. The plunger is connected to a camshaft, which causes it to move up and down. This movement creates pressure, which forces fuel through the pump and into the engine cylinders via fuel injectors.
Larger plunger diameters increase the rate at which fuel is injected and also increase power. This is because larger plungers lead to more flow and inject fuel quicker.
A 16mm plunger pump can provide higher flow rates and increased power compared to smaller plunger pumps. Additionally, the larger diameter may allow for higher engine speeds and improved durability due to modified components.
