Mercedes Mullins
Fuel transfer tanks are a valuable resource during emergencies or natural disasters when access to fuel may be limited. They can be used to transport multiple fuel types, including gasoline, diesel, kerosene, ethanol, methanol, and aviation fuel. Many tank brands offer custom options and upgrades to meet specific needs or preferences, such as additional storage compartments or specialty finishes. If you're handy, you can even attempt to build your own fuel transfer tank. However, it's important to ensure that your tank complies with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations, including construction standards, ventilation, grounding, and labeling requirements.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Capacity | 20-100+ gallons |
| Construction Materials | Steel, aluminium, plywood |
| Construction Techniques | Welding, powder coating |
| Customization | Additional storage compartments, specialty finishes |
| Safety | Ventilation, grounding, adherence to DOT regulations |
| Installation | Secure installation according to manufacturer's instructions |
| Fuel Types | Gasoline, diesel, kerosene, ethanol, methanol, aviation fuel |
| Accessories | GPI® 12-volt pump, fuel hose, fuel cap, wire harness, dash-mounted power switch |
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What You'll Learn
Ventilation, grounding and safety
Ventilation is a critical aspect of fuel transfer tank safety. When storing and transferring fuel, ensure adequate ventilation to prevent the build-up of dangerous fumes. The tank should have proper venting, and fuel transfers should only be conducted in well-ventilated areas. Venting the tank to the outside of the trunk with a charcoal canister and a rollover valve in the vent is a recommended practice.
Grounding is another essential safety measure. Fuel transfer tanks should be grounded to minimize the risk of static electricity igniting fuel vapors during the transfer. This is a crucial precaution to avoid potential fires or explosions.
In terms of safety, always follow the Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations and local guidelines. Ensure your fuel transfer tank complies with construction standards, labeling requirements, and special permits if carrying multiple fuel types. Proper installation is vital, following the manufacturer's instructions, to prevent fuel spills and accidents.
To further enhance safety, consider implementing additional measures such as a firewall or a floor structure to separate the fuel tank from the vehicle's interior. A pan or a drain plug can be installed to catch any leaks and prevent fuel from accumulating in the vehicle. Using gasoline-resistant or fire-retardant foam can help eliminate vapors. Keeping a fire extinguisher easily accessible is also recommended.
For theft prevention, consider hardening carbon steel plating around the gas tank or converting to propane, as drilling out propane tanks is less common. Regularly draining gas into a separate container at night or during long periods of unattended time can also deter thieves.
Building a Fuel Transfer Tank: A Comprehensive Guide
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Materials and construction
The first step in constructing a fuel transfer tank is determining the desired capacity and dimensions. The capacity of fuel transfer tanks can range from 20 to over 100 gallons, depending on the available space in the vehicle. It is important to measure the distance from the cab to the wheel well in short-bed trucks to ensure the tank fits properly.
Once the dimensions are determined, the next step is to choose the construction material. Steel and aluminium are commonly used materials for fuel transfer tanks. Steel tanks, typically made from 10-16 gauge steel, offer strength and durability but are heavier and more prone to corrosion. Aluminium tanks, on the other hand, are lightweight and resistant to corrosion, making them a popular choice for fuel tanks.
The construction process involves welding the pieces of metal together to form the tank. It is important to ensure that the tank is properly sealed to prevent leaks. Some tanks may have internal baffles to reduce fuel sloshing and control fuel movement. It is also crucial to consider ventilation by including vents or vent lines to prevent the buildup of dangerous fumes.
Additionally, fuel transfer tanks should have proper grounding to minimise the risk of static electricity igniting fuel vapours during the transfer process. The inclusion of a shut-off valve in the feed line is also necessary to control the transfer of fuel and prevent overfilling.
Finally, fuel transfer tanks must comply with the Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations, including construction standards, labelling requirements, and safety guidelines to ensure safe handling and transportation of flammable liquids.
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Size and capacity
When selecting a fuel transfer tank, it is important to consider the specific fuel storage and transfer requirements for each site. Different job sites necessitate various construction site transfer tanks, so it is essential to choose a tank with features that suit your purposes.
Size is a crucial factor when selecting a fuel transfer tank. Consider your company's needs and how much fuel different operations require. Smaller jobs may only need a 60-gallon tank, while more extensive operations may require tanks that can hold more than 200 gallons. Ideally, you should only need to refill tanks a maximum of once a month to reduce risks. It is worth noting that larger tanks can be less portable, so construction companies that frequently move tanks may prefer smaller alternatives.
Fuel transfer tanks can hold anywhere from 20 to over 100 gallons. Smaller models may feature a slimmer profile to conserve bed space by increasing height. Some tanks can be as tall as 27 inches, with the top extending above the bed rails. For example, Transfer Flow offers a 40-gallon in-bed under toolbox refueling tank system that fits under most over-the-rail toolboxes.
ATTA Tank transfer tanks come in various capacities, ranging from 20 to 87 gallons, while Fuelbox transfer tanks range from 40 to 85 gallons. If none of the standard units meet your specific requirements, some companies, such as ATI Tank, accept custom orders and can accommodate most modification requests, including adjustments to size or fit.
It is important to note that temperature fluctuations can cause the fluid to expand, so it is recommended to only fill tanks to 95% capacity. If a tank is completely full and has no room for the liquid to expand, the increasing pressure levels could pose a safety threat.
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Installation
Before installing a fuel transfer tank, check the local regulations to ensure your tank is compliant. For example, in British Columbia, the maximum capacity is 450 litres or 99 Imperial gallons (119 US gallons).
If you are installing the tank in the bed of your truck, consider using a sheet of plywood for the truck bed liner. This will allow you to weld the spacers parallel to the truck bed sides. If you have a bare floor or a ribbed plastic bed liner, you will need to weld them "cross-boxed". To prevent damage to the tank from sliding cargo, install brackets at the rear of the tank at floor level to hold a 2x6-inch plank that can be easily removed if necessary.
Additionally, consider mounting a trailer plug in the corner of the box for easy disconnect during tank removal. Install a weatherproof switch to disconnect power to the pump if needed. You can also build a nozzle holder on the side of the tank to neatly coil the hose. Most people prefer to mount the transfer pump on the passenger side, but you can install it behind the driver to avoid obstructing the vision.
If you are welding the tank together, consider powder coating it for a durable finish. Pressure test the tank yourself using soapy water to check the welds. Do not pressure it beyond 2-3 PSI.
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Customisation
Fuel transfer tanks can be customised to meet specific needs and preferences. Customisation options include additional storage compartments and specialty finishes. For example, you can add a trailer plug to the corner of the box for a quick disconnect when tank removal is necessary. You can also build a nozzle holder on the side of the tank to make coiling up the hose a tidier operation.
If you're building your own tank, you can customise it to fit your truck. For instance, you can make a 50-gallon fuel tank from scratch by welding it yourself. You can also add a locking cap to prevent fuel theft.
Another customisation option is to add a fuel gauge sending unit in the tank and a gauge in the cab. You can also choose the type of pump you want, such as a pulse pump, a gas station-type nozzle, or a 12-volt pump.
It's important to note that fuel transfer tanks must comply with Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations, including construction standards and labelling requirements. For example, a flammable sticker must be applied to a tank built for gasoline use. Additionally, local regulations may apply, so it's essential to familiarise yourself with the rules governing the use of fuel transfer tanks in your area.
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Frequently asked questions
Fuel transfer tanks can be useful in emergencies or natural disasters when access to fuel is limited. They can also be used for refueling equipment, filling up vehicles, or travelling across the country.
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) sets specific regulations for the transportation of flammable liquids, including fuel transfer tanks. These regulations cover construction materials, design, testing procedures, and labeling requirements. It is important to also be aware of any state or local regulations in your area.
Proper installation, ventilation, and grounding are crucial to ensure safety. Always handle fuel with care and follow safety guidelines to prevent spills, fires, or exposure to toxic fumes. Transferring fuel should be done in a well-ventilated area, away from heat sources or open flames, with the vehicle turned off.
Steel and aluminum are commonly used materials for fuel transfer tanks. Steel offers strength and durability but is heavier and more prone to corrosion. Aluminum provides superior durability and strength, and is lightweight and resistant to corrosion.
Consider the extra fuel capacity, space availability in your truck bed, and weight impact on fuel economy. Ensure the tank is securely installed according to the manufacturer's instructions. You may also need to consider ventilation, pressurization, and the inclusion of features such as a shut-off valve, fuel gauge, and locking caps.
