Replacing Fuel Nozzle: Beckett Calls And Raccoon Troubles

Replacing the fuel nozzle on a Beckett burner can be a little tricky. The nozzle is an important component as it determines how the flame spreads out, and an imperfect nozzle can cause damage to the inside of the heater. Before replacing the nozzle, it is important to determine the correct type of nozzle for your burner. The nozzle must be compatible with the burner's spray pattern, type of spray, and fuel consumption rate. It is also important to ensure that the oil supplied to the nozzle is clean and air-free, and that the pump pressure is set correctly. When installing the nozzle, care must be taken to protect the nozzle orifice and strainer, as dirt or scratches can affect its function. Additionally, the nozzle adapter should be inspected and replaced if there are deep grooves or scratches, as this can cause leaks.

How to identify the correct nozzle assembly for your Beckett burner

When identifying the correct nozzle assembly for your Beckett burner, there are several key factors to consider. Firstly, it is important to refer to the manufacturer's specifications and recommendations. The burner should have a sticker or data tag that indicates the acceptable firing rate or gallons per hour (GPH) range of nozzles, as well as the spray angle and spray pattern. This information is crucial in selecting the correct nozzle assembly.

If the sticker or data tag is missing or illegible, you can refer to the manufacturer's website or contact their customer support for guidance. Additionally, you can consult a nozzle guide book, such as the W.M. Steinen Mfg. Co. Nozzle guide, which provides specifications for thousands of oil burner nozzles for different applications.

When selecting a nozzle assembly, it is important to match the nozzle size, pattern, and angle to the specific burner and combustion chamber design. The nozzle size, measured in GPH, determines the capacity of the burner to deliver heating oil or BTUs. The spray angle, typically expressed in degrees, should be chosen based on the shape and length of the combustion chamber. A narrower spray angle, such as 30° to 60°, is suitable for a longer and deeper combustion chamber, while a wider spray angle, such as 70° to 90°, is appropriate for a shorter or smaller chamber.

The spray pattern of the nozzle can be either hollow or solid, with various combinations available. The spray pattern is designated by a letter stamped on the nozzle, such as "A" for a hollow-core spray and "B" for a solid-core spray. The spray pattern should be chosen based on the air pattern of the burner and the specific requirements of the combustion chamber.

When replacing a nozzle assembly, it is generally safe to install the same type of nozzle that was previously used. However, in some cases, a technician may substitute a different spray pattern or type to address specific operating issues, such as rumbling noise. It is important to note that changing the spray angle of the nozzle can have a significant impact on burner performance and should be done with caution.

Finally, it is crucial to ensure proper installation and adjustment of the nozzle assembly. Over-tightening the nozzle can strip the threads on the nozzle adapter, leading to oil leaks. Additionally, the electrodes and combustion air settings may need to be adjusted to ensure optimal burner performance.

Step-by-step guide to replacing the nozzle on a Beckett burner

Step 1: Prepare the necessary tools and materials

Before beginning the replacement, ensure you have the correct replacement nozzle for your specific Beckett burner model, as well as the necessary tools, such as screwdrivers and wrenches. It is also recommended to have a rag, clean oil, and a pressure gauge (0-150 PSI) on hand.

Step 2: Access the nozzle

Turn off the burner and disconnect it from the power source. Refer to the manual for your specific Beckett burner model to locate the ignition transformer. Remove the screws or loosen the slide brackets at the back, and swing open the transformer towards you for easier access.

Step 3: Disconnect the oil line and remove the nozzle assembly

Locate the small oil line connecting to the drawer assembly (the nozzle is at the end of this line). Loosen this line and then reach into the drawer assembly, pulling it towards the right, and then up and out. With the assembly removed, you can now access the nozzle.

Step 4: Clean the nozzle and identify the specifications

Use a rag to clean the outside of the old nozzle, ensuring the numbers and letters are visible. Note the specifications, including the nozzle type ("A" or "B"), and the GPH, which will be indicated by a dot followed by two numbers.

Step 5: Install the new nozzle

Obtain the correctly sized replacement nozzle and install it securely, being careful not to over-tighten it. Ensure the orifice and strainer of the new nozzle are not damaged during installation.

Step 6: Reassemble the burner

Reattach the drawer assembly and reconnect the oil line. Swing the ignition transformer back into place and secure it with the screws or slide brackets.

Step 7: Test the burner

Once the replacement nozzle is installed and the burner reassembled, you can now turn on the power and test the burner. Observe the burner during operation to ensure there are no leaks or other issues.

Additional Tips:

• When tightening the nozzle, do not over-torque to avoid cutting grooves into the adapter, which can cause leaks.
• Always use the appliance manufacturer's recommended nozzle specifications.
• For domestic applications, the pump pressure should be set between 100-150 PSIG.
• If you are working with a Beckett burner, it has a built-in air vent plug that helps purge air from the system.
• Ensure the burner is installed with a downward pitch to allow any after-drip to run into the chamber and burn away during the next cycle.
• If you encounter a persistent leak, check the pump shut-off valve or inspect for air entrapment or oil expansion in the nozzle line assembly.

Common issues with Beckett burner nozzles and how to fix them

Beckett burner nozzles can experience a variety of issues that may require troubleshooting or replacement. Here are some common problems and potential solutions:

• Nozzle afterdrip: This issue is caused by a defective pump shut-off valve, air entrapment in the nozzle line assembly, or oil expansion in the nozzle line assembly due to radiated heat at shutdown. To resolve this, check the fuel unit shut-off characteristics by installing a pressure gauge in the nozzle discharge port. If the problem is a defective valve, replace the pump. To eliminate air entrapment, ensure that oil supply lines are properly installed according to the pump manufacturer’s specifications. To address oil expansion, line an old refractory with a modern cerafelt or ceramic chamber liner to reduce radiation.
• Leaky nozzle: A leaky nozzle can be due to various factors such as a defective gasket, loose connections, or a clogged nozzle. Before replacing the nozzle, check for any visible leaks and tighten the connections. Clean or replace the gasket if necessary.
• Blocked nozzle: A blocked nozzle can be caused by contamination, sludge, or foreign matter buildup. Regular cleaning and maintenance of the nozzle can help prevent this issue. If the nozzle is severely blocked, it may need to be replaced.
• Off-center flame: An off-center flame can be caused by a misaligned nozzle, a bent nozzle tube or bracket, or contamination in the nozzle spray pattern. Check the position of the nozzle and ensure it is correctly aligned. Inspect the nozzle tube and bracket for any bends or misalignments. Clean or replace the nozzle if contamination is suspected.
• Delayed ignition: Delayed ignition can be caused by several factors, including low fuel pressure, clogged nozzle, or insufficient air intake. Check the fuel pressure and ensure it meets the recommended specifications. Clean or replace the nozzle if it is clogged. Ensure there is adequate air intake into the boiler room and that combustion air openings are not too wide open.
• Smoke and sooty flames: Smoke and sooty flames can be caused by several factors, including a contaminated or partially clogged nozzle, incorrect nozzle spray angle, or improper electrode settings. Clean or replace the nozzle if contamination is suspected. Adjust the nozzle spray angle according to the manufacturer's specifications. Check and adjust the electrode settings if necessary.
• Pulsation and thumping: Pulsation and thumping can be caused by improper nozzle selection, incorrect pump pressure, or a misaligned nozzle. Check the pump pressure and adjust it if necessary. Ensure the nozzle is the correct type and size for your burner. Inspect the position of the nozzle and ensure it is correctly aligned.
• Furnace room odour: Furnace room odour can be caused by insufficient draft over the fire, obstructions in the flues, poor chimney draft, over-firing of the unit, or too much air through the burner. Check the draft over the fire and ensure it runs with positive pressure. Inspect the flues and chimney for any obstructions or poor draft. Adjust the firing rate and air intake as needed.
• Burner not igniting: A burner that fails to ignite can be due to a clogged nozzle, low fuel pressure, or issues with the ignition system. Clean or replace the nozzle if it is clogged. Ensure the fuel pressure is within the recommended range. Check the ignition transformer, ignition electrode, and other ignition system components for proper functioning.

How to clean and maintain your Beckett burner nozzle

To ensure your Beckett burner nozzle lasts as long as possible, it is important to keep it clean and well-maintained. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to clean and maintain your Beckett burner nozzle:

• Inspect the Nozzle: Before cleaning, carefully inspect the nozzle to determine how dirty it is. This will help you decide if it needs to be cleaned or replaced.
• Shut Down the Furnace: Ensure your furnace is completely shut off before proceeding. Working on a running furnace can be dangerous.
• Remove the Nozzle: Locate the oil burner nozzle on the oil burner gun and remove it by twisting it free with your hand. If it's too tight, you can use a pair of pliers, but be careful not to damage the nozzle.
• Soak the Nozzle: Place the nozzle in a metal container and add enough kerosene to cover it. Let it soak for about 30 minutes to loosen any soot or debris.
• Wipe the Nozzle: After soaking, remove the nozzle from the kerosene and wipe it clean with a rag.
• Blow Off Debris: If there is still debris on the nozzle, use a can of compressed air to blow it off. If it's still dirty, soak it for a little longer.
• Check for Clogs: Before reinstalling the nozzle, remove the filter at the end of the nozzle by unscrewing the brass screw pin. Check the steel orifice disk for any clogs.
• Reinstall the Nozzle: If the nozzle and orifice disk are clean and clear, reassemble the nozzle and filter, and reinstall the nozzle onto the oil burner gun.
• Know When to Replace: Oil furnace nozzles are inexpensive and should be replaced periodically. If your nozzle looks clogged even after cleaning, it's best to replace it. You can usually find replacement nozzles at any home improvement store for less than $10.
• Preventative Maintenance: To prevent nozzle afterdrip, ensure that the burner is installed with a slight downward pitch so that any oil drips run into the chamber and burn away during the next cycle. You can also apply a high-temperature silicone rubber sealant to the air tube/burner chassis junction to prevent oil leakage.

When to call a professional for help with your Beckett burner

Troubleshooting a Beckett burner can be a complex task, and sometimes it is best to call a professional for help. Here are some signs that you may need to call a professional for assistance with your Beckett burner:

• You are not comfortable working with fuel or electricity: Working with fuel and electricity can be dangerous, and it is important to know what you are doing to avoid injury. If you are not comfortable working with these elements, it is best to call a professional.
• You have tried basic troubleshooting steps without success: If you have tried basic troubleshooting steps, such as checking the oil level, ensuring all valves are open, and examining the combustion chamber, and the issue persists, it may be time to call a professional.
• The problem is more complex than you can handle: Some issues with Beckett burners can be complex, such as problems with the ignition transformer, combustion chamber, or fuel supply. If you are unsure how to address the problem, it is best to call a professional.
• You don't have the right tools: Troubleshooting a Beckett burner may require specialized tools, such as an electrical test meter, ignition transformer tester, or combustion analyzer kit. If you don't have access to these tools, it is best to call a professional.
• The burner is still under warranty: If your Beckett burner is still under warranty, it is best to call a professional for any repairs or replacements to avoid voiding the warranty.
• You have replaced multiple parts without resolving the issue: If you have replaced multiple parts, such as the nozzle, filter, or strainer, and the issue persists, it may be time to call a professional for a more thorough diagnosis.
• You are unsure of the cause of the problem: If you are unsure of the cause of the problem and are unable to identify any specific issues, it is best to call a professional for a thorough diagnosis and repair.
• The burner is frequently locking out: If your burner is frequently going into lockout mode, it may be due to an issue with the motor, transformer, or another component. A professional can help diagnose and resolve this issue.
• You are unable to find a solution: If you have tried various solutions without success, it may be time to call a professional for assistance.
• The burner is not performing efficiently: If your burner is not performing efficiently, it may be due to improper combustion or airflow issues. A professional can help optimize the burner's performance and ensure it is running safely and efficiently.

Frequently asked questions