Katerina Swanson
Fuel storage can be dangerous, so it is important to be careful when converting a 55-gallon drum into a fuel tank. Some people use a 12-volt diesel pump kit, while others use a 115v 15 GPM fill-rite transfer pump. It is important to ensure that the drum can breathe to equalize pressure when in use. Some people use steel drums, while others use plastic drums. Some people use a drum dolly to make the drum easier to move.
Characteristics and Values of a 55-gallon drum fuel tank
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Volume | 208 litres (55 US gallons; 46 imperial gallons) |
| Height | 880 millimetres (35 inches) |
| Diameter | 610 millimetres (24 inches) |
| Hose size | 3/4" and 1" |
| Pump type | 115v 15GPM fill rite transfer pump, 12v 13gpm pump, 12 volt diesel pump kit |
| Additional features | Water/particulate filter, auto stop fill nozzle, vent alarm tube |
| Safety considerations | Follow fuel tank and storage regulations, ensure drum can breathe to equalize pressure |
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What You'll Learn
Fittings, filters, and vents
When making a 55-gallon drum fuel tank, it is important to consider the fittings, filters, and vents you will need to ensure your tank is safe and functional.
Firstly, fittings: you will need to decide on the type of bung you will use. A bung is a small opening in the drum that allows for the transfer of fuel. There are typically two bungs on a 55-gallon drum: a smaller one, usually measuring 3/4", and a larger one, typically 2". The smaller bung can be used as a suction point for your pump if you lay the drum horizontally, while the larger bung can be used for refilling the drum. If you plan to use the larger bung for filling, you may need an adapter to accommodate a larger spigot. You will also need to consider the type of nozzle you will use; a 1" diesel nozzle, for example, will fit into a 3/4" hole.
Next, filters: it is important to have a filter on the line leading to your pump to prevent contaminants from entering your fuel system. This is especially important if you are using a dip tube to lift liquid, as there is a risk of drawing contaminants along with the fuel.
Finally, vents: your drum must be able to breathe to equalize pressure when in use. This can be achieved by replacing the standard 3/4" NPT cap with a breather vent or by using a vented fuel cap. Additionally, you may want to consider a vent alarm tube, which will alert you when the drum is full to prevent overfilling.
When selecting fittings, filters, and vents, it is important to consider the specific type of fuel you will be using and the regulations in your area. For example, if you are using diesel fuel, you will need to ensure your fittings and filters are compatible with the viscosity of diesel. Additionally, as fuel storage can be dangerous, it is crucial to follow all relevant safety guidelines and consult experts or official sources when in doubt.
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Hose storage
When it comes to hose storage for your 55-gallon drum fuel tank, there are a few options to consider. Firstly, you could coil the hose on top of the drum, which is a simple and straightforward solution. However, if you're looking for a more secure option, you might want to consider mounting a small wheel or trailer to the side of the drum and hanging or winding the hose onto that. This will keep the hose neatly stored and off the ground.
Another suggestion is to use self-tappers and mount a couple of shelf brackets to the side of the drum, providing a shelf for hose storage. This can be a convenient way to keep the hose off the ground and within easy reach. If you're concerned about the hose taking up too much space on top of the drum, you could look for a hose cage designed for a shop vac and use it to store your hose.
It's worth noting that some users have reported issues with hose quality, particularly with nylon hoses that are susceptible to UV light and hydrocarbons. So, when choosing a hose for your 55-gallon drum fuel tank, consider opting for a material that is more durable and compatible with fuel storage.
Additionally, if you're using a cradle or stand for your drum, as recommended by some users, make sure the hose is also securely stored and doesn't interfere with the stability of the setup. You might want to consider hanging the hose on a nearby wall or structure if space on or around the drum is limited. Proper hose storage will not only help maintain the condition of the hose but also ensure the overall safety of your fuel storage setup.
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Drum materials
When it comes to the materials used for a 55-gallon drum fuel tank, there are a few options to consider: steel, plastic, or a combination of both. Each material has its own advantages and considerations. Here is an overview:
Steel Drums
Steel drums are a common choice for fuel storage due to their durability and strength. They are less likely to leak or rupture compared to plastic drums, especially when transporting fuel. Steel drums typically have a 2" bung and a 3/4" bung, which are standard sizes that fit most pumps and hoses. You can also find conversion kits that are specifically designed for steel drums, ensuring compatibility with fuel storage regulations. Additionally, steel drums can provide a more stable platform for mounting pumps and filters, reducing the risk of damage during transportation.
Plastic Drums
Plastic drums, often made from HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene), offer a lightweight and cost-effective solution for fuel storage. They are easier to transport due to their lighter weight, especially when empty. Plastic drums usually have two 2" bungs, making pump mounting and filling convenient. However, it is important to consider the weight distribution when hanging pumps, filters, and nozzles from the bung, as too much weight can cause breakage. Plastic drums may also be more susceptible to damage from impacts or rough handling during transportation.
Combination of Steel and Plastic
Some people choose to use a combination of steel and plastic drums for their fuel storage needs. For example, you can use a steel drum for primary gasoline storage at a fixed location, while utilising plastic drums for transporting smaller quantities of fuel. This approach takes advantage of the strengths of both materials, ensuring safe and stable storage with the steel drum, and portability with the lighter plastic drums.
It is important to note that regardless of the material chosen, proper fittings, vents, and filters are essential to ensure safe fuel storage and transportation. Following fuel storage regulations and guidance from manufacturers is crucial to mitigate the risks associated with flammable liquids.
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Drum capacity
A 55-gallon drum has a nominal volume of 208 litres (55 US gallons or 46 imperial gallons) and measures around 880 millimetres (35 inches) tall with a diameter of 610 millimetres (24 inches). This size of drum is commonly used for storing and transporting fuel, although it is important to note that fuel storage can be dangerous and proper safety precautions must be taken.
When using a 55-gallon drum as a fuel tank, it is crucial to ensure that the drum can breathe to equalize pressure when in use. This can be achieved by removing the 3/4" NPT cap and replacing it with a breather vent or by using a vented fuel cap. Additionally, the drum should be equipped with a vent alarm tube to prevent overfilling.
The size of the drum bung will depend on the specific drum, but most steel drums have a 2" bung and a 3/4" bung. The bung is the opening on the drum where the pump, filter, and nozzle are attached. When filling the drum with fuel, it is important to use the correct size of the bung to avoid spills and overfilling.
Some people choose to use a pump to fill their 55-gallon fuel drums, while others opt for a hand crank barrel pump or a simple gravity-fed system. If using a pump, it is important to consider the size of the pump and whether it will fit through the bung. Additionally, the type of fuel being stored may influence the choice of pump, as some pumps may not be suitable for certain types of fuel.
Overall, a 55-gallon drum is a common and convenient option for fuel storage and transportation, offering a significant increase in capacity compared to smaller 5-gallon containers. However, it is important to prioritize safety and follow all relevant regulations when using a drum as a fuel tank.
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Safety considerations
Safety should be a top priority when making a 55-gallon drum fuel tank. Here are some detailed safety considerations to keep in mind:
Fuel Storage Regulations: Before using a 55-gallon drum as a fuel tank, ensure that you are complying with all fuel tank and storage regulations in your area. Using a drum for fuel storage may not be permitted, so it is crucial to verify the legality of your project.
Ventilation and Pressure Equalization: The drum must be able to breathe to equalize pressure when in use. This is a critical safety feature to prevent the buildup of dangerous vapors and pressure inside the tank. Make sure to install a breather vent or use a vented fuel cap to allow for proper ventilation.
Secure Mounting: 55-gallon drums are thin and not designed to be rigidly mounted to a vehicle. If you are planning to transport the fuel tank, consider a safer alternative, such as a saddle tank or an aftermarket tank. In any case, ensure that the tank is securely mounted to prevent accidents and fuel leaks.
Weight and Handling: A 55-gallon drum of fuel can weigh around 330-400 lbs. Be aware of the weight and handle the drum with care. Consider using drum pallets or a metal stand to facilitate movement and prevent injury when wrestling with the heavy drums.
Puncture and Impact Resistance: Consider the durability of the drum and its susceptibility to punctures, especially if you intend to use the drum for fuel storage in a vehicle. In the event of an accident, a punctured drum could lead to a dangerous fuel leak. Look into options like welding baffles or using a stronger material such as an old propane tank.
Fuel Type and Compatibility: Different fuels have different storage requirements. Ensure that the drum and any components, such as pumps and hoses, are compatible with the type of fuel you intend to use (e.g., gasoline, diesel, or vegetable oil). Incompatible materials can lead to corrosion and leakage.
Safety is paramount when working with flammable substances like fuel. Always exercise caution and refer to official guidelines and expert advice when constructing and using a 55-gallon drum fuel tank.
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Frequently asked questions
It is important to follow all fuel tank and storage regulations. Ensure the drum can breathe to equalize pressure when in use. Remove the Drum 3/4" NPT cap and replace it with a breather vent.
You will need a 55-gallon drum, a vent, pickup tube assembly, fuel fill assembly, primer bulb, fuel line, clamps, screws, RTV, and Teflon tape. Additionally, you may require a pump, filter, and hose depending on your specific setup.
Both plastic and steel drums can be used for fuel storage. However, consider the weight of the pump setup and the potential for transportation when making your decision. Steel drums are generally sturdier and better suited for mounting heavy equipment.
You can fill up the drum using a pump connected to the appropriate bung size. Alternatively, you can transport the drum to a filling station or use Jerry cans to fill it manually. Ensure you follow safety guidelines and use the correct adapters and fittings for your specific setup.
