Regan Brown
Fuel oil tanks are a convenient way to store oil, but they require proper maintenance to last long. To get your fuel oil tank approved, it is important to have it periodically inspected for corrosion, rust, water leaks, spills, and other signs of damage. Some government programs, such as the NHDES Safetank Program, offer financial assistance to income-qualified homeowners for upgrading, replacing, or removing substandard home heating oil tank systems. To be eligible for reimbursement, homeowners must comply with federal, state, and local regulations, including NFPA 31 standards and best management practices for installation and upgrading. When considering a new fuel oil tank, factors such as tank material, warranty, and maintenance should be considered to ensure approval and longevity.
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What You'll Learn
Financial assistance for fuel oil tank upgrades
Upgrading your fuel oil tank can be expensive, but there are several financial assistance programs available to help offset the cost. Here are some options to consider:
Vermont Financial Assistance Programs
The State of Vermont has introduced new regulations for oilheat and kerosene tanks, which now must be inspected at least once every three years. The Vermont Petroleum Cleanup Fund (PCF) offers financial assistance to residential tank owners for the removal, replacement, or upgrade of both aboveground and underground fuel oil storage tanks. Qualified applicants may receive up to $2,000 for an indoor tank, $3,000 for an outdoor tank, or $4,000 for an underground tank. The amount awarded is based on income and household size and could range from $250 to $2,000.
The Vermont Fuel Dealer's Association (VFDA) also offers rebates, independent of income, for anyone who replaces their existing, non-compliant aboveground storage tank with a new one.
Additionally, commercial or nonprofit organizations may be able to receive a loan through the Vermont Community Loan Fund (VCLF).
New Hampshire Financial Assistance Programs
The NHDES Safetank Program provides financial assistance to income-qualified homeowners to upgrade, replace, or remove their substandard home heating oil tank systems, also known as on-premises-use fuel oil (OPUF) tanks. The program can reimburse up to $3,300 to upgrade or remove and replace an aboveground home heating oil storage tank and up to $2,500 to remove an underground home heating oil tank.
The New Hampshire Petroleum Reimbursement Fund provides reimbursement for eligible OPUF owners who do not have private insurance coverage in the event of a release from a tank system. To be eligible for reimbursement, a homeowner's tank must comply with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations, including the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 31 standards.
Virginia Financial Assistance Programs
The Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (VA DEQ) manages a UST program focused on notifications, the administration of federal grant funds, and cleanup and related UST activities. The financial responsibility requirements for USTs can be found in Virginia Regulation 9 VAC 25-590 et seq., entitled 'Virginia Petroleum Underground Storage Tanks Financial Responsibility Requirements Regulation.'
Delaware Financial Assistance Programs
The Residential Heating Fuel Underground Storage Tank Closure Assistance Program was created to facilitate the removal or closure-in-place of residential heating fuel underground storage tank systems of 1,100 gallons or less used to heat the premises. The Fund for the Inability to Rehabilitate Storage Tank sites (FIRST Fund) assists the Division of Waste and Hazardous Substances in addressing the closure and remediation of underground storage tank systems when the tank owner or Responsible Party cannot be identified. Eligibility for financial assistance is determined by the information presented in the applications.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development Grant and Loan Program
The U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development offers a grant and loan program for low-income households, the 504 Home Repair Program. For seniors, it can provide up to $7,500 in grant funds to purchase a new tank, and for most others, it can provide up to a $20,000 loan (1% for up to 20 years).
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Maintenance and inspection
Corrosion or rust is the biggest threat to storage tanks, as it is caused by exposure to water. Therefore, it is important to keep your tank away from debris and bushes, and prevent metal objects from leaning on it. You should also ensure your tank has sufficient clearance from the walls to prevent water from dripping on it. There are also products available, such as Fuel Right, to prevent corrosion. Outside tanks do not need to be protected from rain, although tank enclosures are available for protection against the elements.
It is important to have your tank periodically inspected by a professional technician who will look around the tank and inspect the fittings, the area the tank is in, and the tank itself. The New Hampshire Petroleum Reimbursement Fund provides reimbursement for eligible homeowners without private insurance coverage for NHDES-required clean-up costs incurred from a release from a tank system. However, to be eligible, a homeowner's tank must be in compliance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations.
There are financial assistance programs available, such as the NHDES Safetank Program, to help income-qualified homeowners upgrade, replace, or remove substandard home heating oil tank systems. The program can reimburse up to $3,300 to upgrade or remove and replace an aboveground home heating oil storage tank and up to $2,500 to remove an underground home heating oil tank.
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Preventing corrosion
Corrosion is the biggest enemy of fuel oil tanks. It occurs in the presence of water, so protecting the inside of the tank from water exposure is vital. Regularly checking for and removing water from tanks is crucial to preventing corrosion.
Regular Water Level Checks: Establish a schedule for water level checks, regardless of the tank's usage frequency. Document each inspection and note any changes or concerns. Ensure staff are trained to use monitoring equipment and perform manual inspections. If water is detected, take immediate steps to remove it to prevent corrosion and maintain the health of the fuel system.
Water Monitors and Human Inspection: While water monitors are a useful tool, they should not be the only defence mechanism. Human inspection by trained personnel is crucial as it confirms monitor readings and provides a comprehensive understanding of the tank's condition.
Tank Dewatering: Tank dewatering at outlet pipes, using a device like a bung, helps detect liquid interfaces between oil and water. The bung should be fitted 0.25 inches from the tank's bottom to allow water to escape while containing the oil. Tanks must be dewatered every six months to prevent water build-up and subsequent corrosion.
Fuel Filtering: The EPA recommends filtering fuel for water and particulates before delivery into the tank or shortly after to maintain fuel stability and prevent corrosion. Use high-grade filters designed for water and particulate removal, and regularly maintain and replace them.
Corrosion-Resistant Finish: Applying a corrosion-resistant finish, such as Hammerite Direct to Rust Metal Paint, can protect the tank by repelling water and preventing rust formation.
Bund or Secondary Containment: A bund made of concrete or brick is legally required to contain and prevent spillages due to tank penetration. It must hold 110% of its contents to safely contain any leaks or breaches in the inner tank. However, rainwater build-up in the bund can cause oil to escape, so measures to extract rainwater, such as through a valve, are necessary.
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): NDT is essential to test the metal thickness at various points in the tank, especially the base plate, which is often hidden until the tank is cleaned. If the tank thickness has reduced by more than 20%, immediate action is required.
High-Performing Liner: A single or double skin liner offers leak detection and acts as a safety net. A double skin provides twice the protection by creating a vacuum around the original tank, preventing corrosion by eliminating moisture and air.
Remember, a proactive approach to maintenance is crucial to preventing corrosion and avoiding costly repairs and downtime. Regular checks, tank maintenance, and keeping tanks full can help reduce the risk of corrosion and moisture-related issues.
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Signs your oil tank needs replacing
Oil tanks are essential for storing oil, and with proper maintenance, they can last for a long time. However, there are several signs that indicate when it's time to replace your oil tank. Here are some detailed indicators to watch out for:
Visible Rust and Corrosion
Rust and corrosion are significant enemies of storage tanks. While some surface wear is expected with age, extensive flaking, pitting, and rust suggest advanced degradation. As corrosion perforates the metal, it can lead to cracks, pinhole leaks, and potential internal tank failure. If the rust is too severe, repairing the tank may not be feasible, and replacement becomes necessary.
Leaks and Moisture
Any signs of leakage, especially liquid or moisture coming from the oil tank, indicate that immediate inspection and possible replacement are required. Leaks can lead to environmental risks and costly cleanup processes. Moisture accumulation at the bottom and sides of the tank can result in black deposits that further damage the tank. While outdoor tanks may be exposed to rain or dew, indoor tanks with moisture issues require attention.
Unstable Legs and Structural Damage
Unstable legs on an aboveground tank can cause functional issues when the tank is at full capacity. Faulty installation can also lead to internal problems that are hazardous for homeowners. Major dents, gouges, scrapes, or other external surface damage can compromise the structural stability of the tank over time, warranting replacement.
Age and Performance
Oil tanks have an average lifespan of about 15 years, although some sources suggest a range of 10 to 25 years. As tanks age, the risk of leaks increases due to potential internal weak spots or damage. Keep track of your tank's age and performance, and consider proactive replacement before it reaches the end of its expected lifespan.
Broken Fuel Gauge
A broken fuel gauge is a warning sign that your oil tank needs attention. It can make it difficult to monitor oil levels, potentially leading to unexpected empty tanks during winter. A certified professional should inspect the tank to determine if a replacement is necessary.
It is important to stay vigilant and proactive in inspecting and maintaining your oil tank to ensure its longevity and avoid costly emergencies. Regularly assess these signs to make an informed decision about replacing your oil tank.
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Installation requirements
Firstly, it is important to check local regulations and building codes to ensure that your fuel oil tank installation complies with safety requirements. Some jurisdictions may require permits for installation, and there may be restrictions on the size of the tank, its location, and fuel quality requirements.
Secondly, allocate a safe place for the fuel storage tank installation. The tank should be placed on firm, level ground, away from potential health and safety risks, residential or office buildings, and environmental risks such as flooding. The base of the tank should be made of non-combustible material, such as concrete, paving stones, or stonework, and should be able to support the weight of the tank and its contents, which can be substantial.
Thirdly, ensure that the tank is securely positioned and levelled. This will ensure that it can handle its fuel load without any issues. Locate the right connections between your appliance and the oil tank, as different appliances may require different connection types. Use a flexible hose with appropriate fittings, such as a union or isolation valve, to connect the supply pipe to the tank's fill point. If possible, use a secondary fill line as an overflow during the filling process.
Additionally, all connections should be securely attached and regularly checked for leaks, rust, or corrosion. Test all connections for gas or oil leaks, and rectify any issues before using the system. The product supply lines should be protected from damage and installed on a downward slope to prevent water accumulation and freezing. A horizontal loop must be included before the line enters the tank to allow for movement.
Finally, once the installation is complete, contact your local fire department to inspect and approve your tank before use. Open all valves and fill the tank slowly, monitoring the level to ensure it does not exceed 95% full, leaving room for expansion. Regularly inspect your tank for signs of corrosion, leakage, or damage to maintain safety and avoid costly repairs.
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Frequently asked questions
There are several signs that your current oil storage tank may need replacing. These include excessive water, dead vegetation around the tank fill area, an oil scent in the basement, spills or overfills, leakage from valves or piping, and a loose fill cap or vent cap.
It is important to ensure that your new tank has sufficient clearance from the walls. You should also be able to inspect all sides of the tank. Consider the warranty of the tank—coated tanks tend to have a longer warranty than steel tanks.
It is important to have your tank inspected periodically. Ensure that your aboveground tank is away from debris and bushes, and prevent metal objects from leaning on the tank. Corrosion or rust is the biggest enemy of storage tanks, so it is important to protect the inside of the tank from exposure to water.
The NHDES Safetank Program provides financial assistance to income-qualified homeowners to upgrade, replace, or remove their substandard home heating oil tank systems.
