Rajan Wilcox
Reefer trucks, which are used to transport perishable goods, require two types of fuel: one for the engine and one for the refrigeration system. Reefer fuel is a type of tax-exempt diesel used specifically for off-road and refrigerated trailer use. The amount of reefer fuel consumed depends on various factors, such as the age of the trailer, the load, the ambient temperature, and the maintenance of the refrigeration system. On average, older trailers consume between 1 to 3 gallons of reefer fuel per hour, while modern trailers are more fuel-efficient and consume between 0.4 to 1.1 gallons per hour. The size of the fuel tank also varies, typically ranging from 25 to 100 gallons. Proper maintenance of the refrigeration system and trailer can help improve fuel efficiency and reduce costs.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| How much fuel does a reefer truck use? | On average, older trailers can use between 1–3 gallons of reefer fuel per hour, depending on the load and how hard the unit is being run. However, modern reefer trailers are much more efficient and can keep everything cool using less fuel. A newer refrigeration unit can operate effectively using between 0.4 and 1.1 gallons of fuel every hour. Most reefers use about a half-gallon to a gallon of fuel every hour. After 11 hours of driving, they will likely consume between 5.5 and 11 gallons of fuel for refrigeration. |
| Types of fuel used | Reefer trucks use two types of fuel. Standard diesel fuels the engine, and reefer fuel powers the refrigeration system. |
| Reefer fuel tank capacity | Different manufacturers install different fuel tank sizes on their reefer trailers. Carrier Transicold and Thermo King usually offer 50-gallon reefer fuel tanks, but some tanks may max out at closer to 100 gallons. There are also some that are just 25 gallons. |
| Reefer fuel costs | Reefer fuel is not subject to the same taxation as standard diesel and is therefore less expensive. |
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What You'll Learn
Reefer fuel usage is calculated by hours, not miles
Reefer fuel is a type of diesel used to power the refrigeration units in trucks, trailers, and shipping containers. It is essential for companies that transport temperature-controlled goods. Reefer trucks have two fuel storage tanks: one for the refrigerator and one for the engine. The reefer fuel is used only for the trailer's refrigerator portion, which is why its usage is calculated by the hour rather than by the mile.
The amount of reefer fuel used depends on various factors, such as the load, the ambient temperature, and the overall condition of the trailer. Older trailers tend to use more fuel, with an average consumption of 1-3 gallons per hour. In contrast, modern reefer trailers are more fuel-efficient and can operate effectively using 0.4 to 1.1 gallons of fuel per hour. Proper maintenance of the refrigeration system can also help improve fuel efficiency.
The size of the fuel tank also affects reefer fuel usage. Different manufacturers offer varying fuel tank sizes, typically ranging from 25 to 100 gallons. A larger fuel tank allows for more fuel usage between fill-ups. Additionally, the operating mode and temperature controls are crucial factors, as running in the wrong mode can lead to losing cargo and potential claims.
According to some sources, a reefer trailer can last between 3 and 4 days on a tank of fuel when set to a continuous temperature of -10° in a hot climate like Arizona in July. In contrast, a reefer trailer set to 60° start/stop will barely use any fuel. Another source mentions that 50 gallons of reefer fuel typically lasts around 5 days if running continuously, depending on the load and outside temperature.
It is important to note that reefer fuel is restricted to off-road use and is not to be used to power a vehicle's engine on a public road. It is dyed red to distinguish it from on-road diesel and avoid misuse. Reefer fuel is also tax-exempt, which helps reduce the overall cost of using a reefer trailer.
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Reefer trucks use two types of fuel
Reefer trucks, which are used to transport temperature-controlled goods, require two types of fuel to function. The first type of fuel is standard diesel, which is used to power the engine of the truck. The second type of fuel, known as reefer fuel, is used to power the refrigeration system.
Reefer fuel is a specialised type of diesel that is designed specifically for use in refrigerated trailers. It has a lower energy density and a higher flash point than regular diesel, which allows it to operate effectively in colder temperatures. This fuel powers a separate engine in the trailer, which actively cools the space to maintain the desired temperature. The amount of reefer fuel consumed depends on the age and efficiency of the trailer, the ambient temperature, and the maintenance of the refrigeration system. Older trailers typically consume between 1 and 3 gallons of reefer fuel per hour, while modern trailers are more efficient and may use as little as 0.4 to 1.1 gallons per hour.
The two types of fuel have different legal requirements, costs, and efficiency metrics. Reefer fuel is not subject to the same taxation as standard diesel, which makes it a more cost-effective option for powering refrigeration units. Additionally, reefer fuel is restricted for off-road use and cannot be used to power a vehicle's engine on public roads.
The fuel efficiency of reefer trucks can vary depending on several factors. These include the overall condition of the trailer, the ambient temperature in the regions travelled, and the maintenance of the refrigeration system. Proper maintenance can help improve fuel efficiency and reduce costs associated with reefer fuel consumption.
The size of the fuel tank also plays a role in fuel usage. Larger fuel tanks can store more fuel, allowing for longer trips without the need for frequent refuelling. Some reefer trailers may have fuel tanks ranging from 25 to 100 gallons, depending on the manufacturer. It is important for operators to understand the fuel requirements of their specific reefer trailer to optimise fuel efficiency and minimise costs.
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Fuel usage depends on trailer maintenance
Reefer trucks, also known as refrigerated trucks, require two types of fuel for their operation: one for the refrigeration unit and another for the engine. The amount of fuel consumed by a reefer truck depends on various factors, including the trailer's maintenance and overall condition.
Trailer maintenance plays a crucial role in fuel efficiency. Proper maintenance can enhance the energy efficiency of refrigerated trailers, reducing fuel consumption and operating costs. This includes regular repair and replacement of parts, such as fixing cracks or replacing airlines, as well as prioritizing body door seals to prevent heat gain. Additionally, ensuring that the refrigeration system receives proper maintenance can also impact fuel efficiency. Well-maintained trailers with efficient refrigeration units can contribute to overall fuel savings.
The trailer's overall condition can also affect fuel usage. Older trailers may have lower efficiency due to wear and tear, resulting in higher fuel consumption. Regular maintenance can help extend the lifespan of the trailer and maintain its efficiency. This includes adopting best practices such as parking vehicles out of direct sunlight to minimize heat gain and maximizing vehicle utilization by avoiding partial loads, which can lead to unnecessary unit operation.
Furthermore, the choice of refrigeration equipment and its specification can impact fuel usage. Utilizing a proven, fuel-efficient refrigeration unit that matches the exact application can help reduce fuel wastage. Selecting the right technology aligned with expected usage can maximize energy extraction from the fuel burned. Additionally, trailer insulation plays a significant role in fuel consumption. Well-insulated trailers can retain cold air more effectively, reducing the workload on the refrigeration system and lowering fuel usage.
By focusing on trailer maintenance, reefer truck operators can optimize fuel efficiency, reduce operating costs, and ensure the smooth transportation of temperature-sensitive goods. Proper maintenance practices can directly and indirectly impact fuel economy, making a significant difference in overall fuel usage and profitability.
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Fuel efficiency varies by ambient temperature
Reefer trucks, which are used to transport temperature-controlled goods, have two fuel storage tanks. One tank powers the refrigeration system, and the other powers the engine. Reefer fuel usage is calculated by the hour rather than by mileage. On average, reefers consume about half a gallon to a gallon of fuel per hour. After 11 hours, they will have used between 5.5 and 11 gallons of fuel.
Fuel efficiency in reefer trucks varies based on several factors, one of which is ambient temperature. For example, a reefer set to -10° can last between 3 and 4 days on a tank of fuel in Arizona in July. However, if the ambient temperature is closer to the set point, and the reefer is set to cycle mode, the fuel can last for several weeks.
Trailer insulation also affects fuel consumption. A well-insulated trailer will consume less fuel than a poorly insulated one, as it will lose less cold air and, therefore, require less fuel to maintain its temperature.
Other factors that influence fuel efficiency include the maintenance of the refrigeration system and the overall condition of the trailer. Older trailers, for example, may have lower efficiency.
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Reefer fuel is tax-exempt
Reefer fuel is a special type of tax-exempt diesel for off-road and refrigerated trailer use. It is not subject to the same government highway fuel taxes as regular diesel. This tax exemption is the main benefit compared to using regular diesel in refrigeration systems. Reefer fuel is restricted to use in off-road situations and cannot be used to power a vehicle's engine on a public road. These restrictions don't apply when used for powering the refrigeration unit of a trailer.
The chemical composition of reefer fuel is nearly identical to regular diesel, except that it is dyed red to avoid misuse or confusion between the two types of fuel. Reefer fuel is also known as dyed diesel fuel, and while it may be used off-highway, it is still subject to diesel fuel tax unless certain conditions are met. To claim a refund for diesel fuel tax in California, for example, you must use form CDTFA-770-DU, Diesel Fuel Claim for Refund on Nontaxable Uses, and provide detailed documentation showing that the fuel was used in a nontaxable manner.
Reefer fuel is essential for companies that transport temperature-controlled goods. Reefer trucks have two fuel storage tanks: one for the refrigerator and one for the engine. Reefer fuel powers the refrigerated portion of the trailer, helping to maintain temperature control. The reefer system is made up of a compressor, evaporator, and condenser to actively cool the space and keep contents at the desired temperature.
Reefer fuel usage doesn't depend on miles traveled since it only powers the trailer's refrigerator. Instead of calculating usage by mileage, it can be measured in hours. Most reefers use about half a gallon to a gallon of fuel every hour. After 11 hours of driving, they will likely consume between 5.5 and 11 gallons of fuel for refrigeration. Reefer fuel consumption is affected by how often the units are opened and their quality. Poorly maintained or older units will generally need more fuel.
Reefer fuel costs vary across the United States, but because it isn't subject to the International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA) taxation, it is generally less expensive than regular diesel. As of December 2022, the national average cost was $2.74 per mile. Reefer trucks burn around 0.75 gallons of fuel per hour, and most reefer fuel tanks have a 50-gallon capacity, so they need to be filled every 2 to 4 days.
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Frequently asked questions
Reefer trucks use two types of fuel: one for the engine and one for the refrigeration system. The amount of fuel used by the refrigeration system depends on various factors, such as the ambient temperature, the trailer's overall condition, and whether the refrigeration system is properly maintained. On average, older trailers can use between 1-3 gallons of reefer fuel per hour, while modern trailers are more efficient and can use as little as 0.4 gallons per hour.
Reefer trucks use two types of fuel, while regular diesel trucks typically only need one. Reefer fuel usage is calculated by the number of hours the refrigeration system is running rather than the miles travelled. Reefer fuel is also subject to different legal requirements and costs compared to regular diesel.
The fuel efficiency of a reefer truck can be influenced by several factors. These include the ambient temperature in the regions the truck drives through, the overall condition of the trailer, and whether the refrigeration system is properly maintained. Additionally, the trailer's insulation can also affect fuel consumption. Proper maintenance of the refrigeration system can help improve fuel efficiency and reduce costs.
