Mercedes Mullins
Espar heaters are internal combustion heaters that require electricity, fuel, and oxygen to run. They are designed to be installed in vehicles and are popular for van conversions. The amount of fuel consumed by an Espar heater depends on the model and power level. For example, the Espar Airtronic D2 heater uses both electric power and fuel to operate, while the Espar D4 heater may not be as efficient due to excess fuel intake. The fuel consumption of the Espar D2 ranges from 0.10 liters/hour on Low to 0.28 liters/hour on Power. On the other hand, the Espar D4 has a fuel consumption of 0.13 gallons per hour on Boost and 0.03 gallons per hour on Low. Overall, Espar heaters are known to reduce fuel costs compared to other heating options.
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What You'll Learn
Espar Airtronic D2 fuel consumption
The Espar Airtronic D2 is a diesel-powered heater with a low fuel consumption rate. When operating at full capacity, the heater consumes only 0.28 litres of diesel per hour, providing an output of 7500 BTU or 2.2 kilowatts of heat. This equates to approximately 24 hours of operation on just one gallon of diesel fuel.
The Airtronic D2 is a compact and economical heater, making it ideal for use in smaller vehicles such as cars, vans, camper vans, and smaller RVs. It is also suitable for use in trucks, semis, recreational vehicles, horseboxes, caravans, food trucks, and mobile workshops. The heater's small size and optimised fuel efficiency make it a popular choice for those seeking a single fuel source for their vehicles, eliminating the need for additional propane or other fuel types.
The Espar Airtronic D2 heater is designed to prevent running out of fuel. It automatically stops drawing diesel from the tank when the fuel level drops below a certain threshold, typically around a quarter to a third of a tank. This feature ensures that users do not need to worry about frequently refuelling their heater.
Additionally, the Espar Airtronic D2 heater offers a range of operation modes and unsurpassed safety standards. It operates quietly, cycling through four output levels to maintain optimal temperatures at all times. The heater can also be easily adapted to different environments with accessories like the high-altitude kit, which enables operation at altitudes above 3000 meters (10,000 feet).
Overall, the Espar Airtronic D2 diesel heater is a highly efficient and adaptable heating solution, making it a popular choice for various vehicle types and applications.
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Espar heater's fuel efficiency
Espar heaters are combustion heaters that use diesel or gasoline as fuel. They are designed to be fuel-efficient, saving fleets a significant amount in operating costs. The Espar Airtronic D2 heater, for example, uses both electric power and fuel to operate, and can run for 24 hours on one gallon of diesel. This is in contrast to a propane heater, which would require additional propane to be carried to run the heater.
The fuel efficiency of the Espar heater is further enhanced by its ability to be mounted anywhere in the vehicle and ducted to the desired location, allowing for flexible and efficient heating. Additionally, the heater has a built-in timer and is programmable according to the user's preferences, allowing for optimized fuel usage.
The fuel consumption of the Espar heater will depend on the specific model and the power level at which it is operated. For instance, the Espar D2 heater has a fuel consumption of 0.10 liters per hour on "Low" and 0.28 liters per hour on "Power". On average, it consumes around 0.20 liters per hour.
Compared to other heating options, the Espar heater is known for its fuel efficiency. It is estimated to use only about half as much fuel as an APU, resulting in significant fuel savings over time.
However, it is important to note that the Espar heater requires proper maintenance to ensure optimal fuel efficiency. Regular cleaning is necessary due to carbon buildup, especially if the heater is not used for extended periods. Additionally, the heater should be installed by a professional to ensure safe and efficient operation.
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Fuel type for Espar heaters
Espar heaters are internal combustion systems that require electricity, fuel, and oxygen to function. The heaters pump fuel from the vehicle's tank to the heater, where it is ignited using a glow pin. The combustion air and exhaust fumes are routed in and out through the floor of the van.
The Espar Airtronic D2 heater is a popular model that uses diesel fuel. This heater is designed to stop drawing fuel when the tank level falls below a quarter full, preventing the vehicle from running out of fuel. Diesel is more energy-dense than propane, meaning it requires less fuel to heat a van. The Espar D2 can run for 24 hours on one gallon of diesel.
Espar also offers gasoline heaters, such as the M2-B4L model, which is the latest version of their Airtronic heaters. Gasoline heaters can be installed in similar locations to diesel heaters, such as under the passenger seat.
To achieve efficient combustion, the oxygen-to-fuel ratio must be optimal. When fuel is burned at the perfect ratio, referred to as the "stoichiometric combustion reaction," the sole byproduct is carbon monoxide gas. However, if the ratio deviates, carbon soot is produced, which can clog the heater and cause ignition issues. Therefore, Espar heaters work best at lower altitudes, where the oxygen-to-fuel ratio aligns with the manufacturer's specifications.
Overall, Espar heaters are known for their ability to provide efficient heating while minimizing fuel consumption.
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Altitude adjustment and fuel usage
Espar heaters are designed and manufactured at a facility below 1,000 feet, and therefore work best at lower altitudes. Their original models (D2 and B4) worked up to 4,500 feet. However, newer models such as the D2L and B4L can work at altitudes up to 9,500 feet. The heater automatically adjusts the amount of fuel to compensate for the change in oxygen, but it is not perfect. The higher the altitude at which the heater is used, the more likely it is to build up soot inside, and it may not always ignite on the first try.
Espar's Airtronic heaters are typically installed with the EasyStart Pro Timer/Controller and feature integrated high-altitude adjustment, which allows operation up to 9,800 feet in altitude. The latest versions of Espar's Airtronic heaters, the AS3-D2L Diesel heater and M2-B4L gasoline heaters, also feature a quieter fuel pump, better diagnostics features, and a 5,000-hour life expectancy.
For the Espar D2 heater, there is an option to buy just a Fuel Metering Pump for high altitude instead of the whole High Altitude Kit. However, the heater will be slightly less efficient at lower altitudes with this fuel pump. Alternatively, the controller can be upgraded to the newer one that automatically adjusts the tick rate.
The Espar with the high-altitude compensator is good for at least 10,000 feet. It continuously adjusts the pulse of the pump, which reduces fuel to the heater and results in less heat output. However, most users have a bigger heater than needed, so the reduced output is not a big deal.
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Espar heater maintenance
The Espar Airtronic heater is an internal combustion system that pumps fuel from your vehicle's tank to the heater, where it is ignited using a glow pin. To ensure your Espar heater functions optimally and safely, proper maintenance is essential. Here are some detailed instructions for maintaining your Espar heater:
Installation:
Espar heaters are designed to be installed directly on the metal floor of your vehicle. This installation process requires cutting holes in the floor. If you have a finished floor, you can install the heater under the passenger seat or inside a cabinet/storage box and duct the warm air to your desired locations. Ensure that you have clear access to the floor of the van from underneath during installation. Some vehicles, like Mercedes Sprinters, offer factory-installed auxiliary fuel taps that work well for heater installation.
Electrical Requirements:
Espar heaters require a 12v power source capable of providing up to 18 amps during start-up. It is recommended to wire the heater to a separate battery bank from the vehicle's starter battery. This bank should have a capacity of at least 100ah lithium or 200ah AGM. Additionally, consider using a secondary auxiliary battery system for the heater and other cabin electrical appliances to avoid overloading the starter batteries.
Fuel Consumption and Efficiency:
The fuel consumption of Espar heaters varies depending on the model and power level. For example, the Espar D2 can consume around 0.10 litres per hour on "Low" settings and up to 0.28 litres per hour on "Power" settings. The Espar Airtronic D4 has a higher fuel consumption, ranging from 0.03 to 0.13 gallons per hour, depending on the heating level. These heaters are designed to be fuel-efficient, saving fleets and users a significant amount in operating costs. They achieve this by eliminating the need for idling the engine for heat, which also helps comply with anti-idle laws and emissions requirements.
Altitude Considerations:
Espar heaters are designed and calibrated for optimal performance at lower altitudes. As you go to higher altitudes, the oxygen concentration decreases, affecting the fuel-to-oxygen ratio. If you plan to use your heater at altitudes above 5,000 feet, consider upgrading to the high-altitude kit. The latest Espar Airtronic heaters, such as the AS3-D2L and M2-B4L models, feature integrated high-altitude adjustment, allowing operation up to 9,500 to 9,800 feet.
Regular Cleaning and Maintenance:
Due to carbon buildup, Espar heaters require annual cleaning. If the heater is unused for extended periods, such as during the summer, it is advisable to clean it before restarting. Regularly inspect and maintain other components, such as the blower motor, burner tube, glow plug, tailpipe, and fuel pump. Refer to the Espar heater manual for specific maintenance intervals and procedures.
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Frequently asked questions
The amount of fuel used by an Espar heater depends on the model and the power level it is running at. The Espar Airtronic D2 heater uses both electric power and fuel to operate and can run for 24 hours on one gallon of diesel. The consumption ranges from 0.10 L/per hour on "Low" to 0.28 liters per hour on "Power".
Espar heaters are known to be one of the more expensive heater options for your van. However, they save a significant amount in operating costs since drivers do not need to idle for heat, which also helps to reduce fuel costs.
Some factors to consider include the ease of installation, the annual cleaning requirement, and the potential for carbon buildup if the heater is not used for long periods. Additionally, Espar heaters work best at lower altitudes due to the oxygen-to-fuel ratio being closer to the manufacturer's original settings.
