
Crossing the Atlantic requires a significant amount of preparation, including careful rig checks and ensuring you have enough fuel for the journey. The amount of fuel needed depends on the efficiency of the vessel and whether you're using a sail boat or not. On average, you'll need about half a gallon of diesel fuel per day, or 15 gallons for a month-long passage. It's recommended to carry extra fuel in jerrycans or flexible tanks, especially if you need to motor more than expected or encounter light winds. Boat manufacturers can provide fuel consumption curves to help calculate fuel requirements based on engine hours and tank capacity.
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What You'll Learn

Fuel requirements depend on vessel efficiency
The amount of fuel required to cross the Atlantic depends on several factors, including the efficiency of the vessel, the duration of the trip, and the weather conditions.
Vessel efficiency encompasses both the design of the boat and how it is operated. Modern boats are often designed with fuel efficiency in mind, utilising advanced materials and hydrodynamic hull shapes to reduce drag and optimise performance. Additionally, features such as efficient propulsion systems and energy-saving devices can further enhance vessel efficiency.
Operating a boat efficiently involves techniques such as maintaining minimum cruising revs, employing sailing strategies that minimise fuel consumption, and avoiding aggressive manoeuvres that waste fuel. Skippers should be mindful of their vessel's fuel consumption curve, which can be provided by the boat manufacturer, to make informed decisions about fuel usage.
The duration of the trip also plays a role in fuel requirements. A longer trip will naturally require more fuel, as the engine or motors will be running for an extended period. However, it's worth noting that longer trips may also involve longer periods of sailing without using the engine, especially if favourable wind conditions are present.
Weather conditions can significantly impact fuel requirements. Light wind conditions may necessitate greater reliance on the vessel's engine, resulting in higher fuel consumption. Conversely, strong and consistent winds can enable sailing with minimal engine use, thereby reducing fuel needs.
By taking these factors into consideration, sailors can make more accurate assessments of their fuel requirements for crossing the Atlantic and ensure they have adequate supplies for a safe and successful voyage.
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Carry extra fuel in jerrycans or flexible tanks
When preparing to cross the Atlantic, one of the most important considerations is fuel. Carrying extra fuel in jerrycans or flexible tanks is a great way to ensure you have sufficient fuel for your journey. Jerrycans, designed during World War II, are still a popular option today due to their durability and ease of use. They are typically made from steel or polyethylene (plastic) and can hold up to 20 litres of fuel. While jerrycans are a simple solution, the fuel transfer process can be messy and dangerous, leading to potential fuel contamination. Additionally, they need to be handled with care to avoid damage and fuel leakage.
Flexible tanks, also known as bladders, offer a collapsible and space-saving option. These tanks are made from durable materials and can be rolled up when empty, taking up minimal space. Flexible tanks are a great choice for those concerned about wear and tear, as they can last for years with basic precautions. Some boat owners even use them as their main tank or inside a leaking tank. When choosing a flexible tank, opt for a reputable brand that uses high-quality materials to ensure longevity and prevent leaks.
If you're looking for a more permanent solution, installing additional fuel tanks can provide the extra fuel capacity you need. This option requires careful consideration of space and positioning to maintain the balance of your boat. Custom-made tanks can be created by modelling the desired shape and size, ensuring it fits through the hatch, and then engaging a tank builder to construct it. You can choose from various materials such as fibreglass, stainless steel, or plastic to suit your preferences and requirements.
Another alternative is to opt for long-range fuel tanks, which are available as auxiliary or replacement tanks. These tanks are designed to minimise fuel sloshing and corrosion and often feature quality fittings and internal baffles. Long-range fuel tanks provide a safer and more convenient method for carrying additional fuel, eliminating the need for manual handling associated with jerrycans. Additionally, some vehicles may have an auxiliary tank located higher than the main tank, allowing for a gravity feed fuel transfer without the need for a pump.
Regardless of the option you choose, it is crucial to regularly inspect your fuel tanks for any signs of damage or leaks, especially when travelling in remote areas where refuelling options may be limited. By carrying extra fuel in jerrycans, flexible tanks, or additional fuel tanks, you can confidently embark on your Atlantic crossing with the necessary fuel reserves to support your journey.
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Calculate fuel range based on engine hours
To calculate the fuel range based on engine hours, several factors need to be considered. These include the type of vehicle, its fuel efficiency, the distance travelled, the price of fuel, and the engine's condition and specifications.
Firstly, different vehicles have varying fuel efficiency characteristics. For instance, a small sedan is more fuel-efficient than a large SUV, and a FWD or RWD vehicle is generally more efficient than a 4-wheel drive. So, the type of vehicle plays a significant role in determining the fuel range.
Secondly, the distance travelled is a crucial factor. The greater the distance, the more fuel will be consumed, assuming a constant fuel efficiency. However, it's important to note that fuel efficiency may vary with speed and road conditions. For example, highway driving with steady speeds tends to be more fuel-efficient, while stop-and-go traffic can decrease fuel efficiency.
Thirdly, the price of fuel can fluctuate, impacting the overall fuel cost for a given journey. Political factors, geographical proximity to fuel sources, and relationships between nations can all influence fuel prices.
Additionally, the engine's condition and specifications are important considerations. A properly tuned engine can enhance fuel efficiency, while issues such as under-inflated tires, aggressive braking, and unnecessary weight can decrease efficiency. Using the manufacturer's recommended grade of motor oil and ensuring regular maintenance can also impact fuel range.
Finally, external factors such as open windows, roof racks, and air conditioning usage can increase fuel consumption. By considering these factors and utilising tools like a fuel cost calculator, you can more accurately estimate the fuel range based on engine hours for a specific vehicle and journey.
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Carry spare fuel for motoring
When preparing to cross the Atlantic, it is important to carry spare fuel for motoring. The amount of fuel needed will depend on the efficiency of your vessel and whether you plan to forego comforts such as refrigeration. On most crossings, the engine is rarely used, but having extra fuel can be beneficial if you encounter light winds, allowing you to push through and reach your destination faster.
It is recommended to take extra fuel in jerrycans or flexible tanks. Additionally, stocking up on engine fuel filters and Racor water separator filters can help you manage your fuel supply more effectively. To make refuelling easier, consider investing in a portable transfer pump, as it can be messy and challenging to refuel at sea using funnels.
Before embarking on your journey, consult your boat manufacturer to understand your vessel's fuel consumption curve. They can provide valuable insights into your engine's fuel efficiency, helping you calculate your range based on engine hours and fuel tank capacity. This information will enable you to estimate how much spare fuel you may require.
While crossing the Atlantic, you might need to motor more than expected due to unforeseen circumstances or unfavourable weather conditions. Carrying spare fuel will provide you with the flexibility to adapt to such situations and ensure you have sufficient fuel to complete your journey without relying solely on favourable winds. It is also advisable to carry key spare parts, such as pump or autopilot components, as obtaining replacements during your voyage can be challenging and time-consuming.
By taking the time to plan and prepare, including carrying spare fuel and essential spares, you can enhance your safety and peace of mind when crossing the Atlantic. Remember to always give careful consideration to your fuel requirements and potential challenges you may encounter during your voyage.
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Keep engine revs at a minimum
The amount of fuel needed to cross the Atlantic depends on the efficiency of your vessel. For example, a sailboat may not need any fuel for the journey, while a trawler will. On average, you can expect to use about half a gallon of diesel fuel per day, or 15 gallons for a month-long trip.
To keep your engine revs at a minimum while crossing the Atlantic, there are several things you can do:
- Firstly, consult your boat manufacturer, who should be able to provide you with a fuel consumption curve for your engine. This will allow you to calculate your range based on engine hours and the amount of fuel in your tank.
- Keep your engine revs at the minimum cruising revs or the most economical engine cruising revs, as advised by your boat manufacturer. This will help you get the most out of your fuel tankage and reduce fuel consumption.
- Consider the weight and load of your vessel. An engine with no load will gain revs faster than an engine with a heavy load. If you are carrying extra weight or cargo, consider whether it is essential for the journey, as reducing the weight may help improve fuel efficiency and keep engine revs lower.
- Ensure you have the correct gearing for your vessel. Gearing plays a role in an engine's ability to gain revs, so ensure your vessel is properly geared to optimise fuel efficiency.
- Carry spare fuel and key spares, such as pump or autopilot parts. This will help you avoid being stranded in the event of fuel supply problems or engine issues, and will give you more options if you encounter light winds or other unexpected challenges during your journey.
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Frequently asked questions
The amount of fuel needed depends on the efficiency of your vessel. Boat manufacturers should be able to give you a fuel consumption curve for your engine so you can calculate your range based on engine hours and how much fuel is in your tank. On most crossings, you rarely use the engine, but if there is a lack of wind, you may need to use more fuel to push through. As a rough estimate, you can expect to use around half a gallon of diesel fuel per day or 15 gallons for a month-long passage.
It is important to be prepared for any eventuality. Take extra fuel in jerry cans or flexible tanks and stock up on engine fuel filters and water separator filters. You should also carry key spares that you might need, such as pump or autopilot parts, as it can be difficult and time-consuming to get spares delivered.
Be prepared to do oil and filter changes yourself as local suppliers may not be able to help at short notice. To get the most from your fuel tank, keep to your minimum cruising revs and consider buying a portable transfer pump as refuelling at sea can be messy and troublesome.
The wind conditions can vary from year to year. In light wind years, having an engine can be beneficial to push through wind holes and get into the wind on the other side. More fuel gives you more options.


































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