Sylvie Willis
Storing fuel at home can be dangerous if not handled and stored properly. The amount of fuel you can store at home depends on where you live. If you live within the limits of a city or HOA, or on deed-restricted property, you will have to check with the relevant authorities. If you live in an unincorporated area, there is likely no specific limit. Fire codes typically restrict gas storage to no more than a total of 25 gallons in five-gallon cans. Gasoline should always be kept in an outdoor structure such as a tool shed, storage barn, or separate garage, with an average internal temperature of about 80° Fahrenheit or below.
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What You'll Learn
Gasoline storage safety
The amount of gasoline an individual homeowner can store is usually restricted by fire codes and regulations. These regulations typically limit the amount of gasoline that can be stored to no more than 25 gallons, in approved containers of less than five gallons capacity each.
It is important to always use caution when handling gasoline, as it is a flammable liquid. Gasoline must be stored in approved containers or tanks, which should be kept tightly closed and handled gently to avoid spills. It should be stored at room temperature, away from potential heat sources such as the sun, a hot water heater, a space heater, or a furnace. Gasoline should be kept at least 50 feet away from ignition sources, such as pilot lights, as gasoline vapors are heavier than air and can travel along the floor to these sources.
It is recommended to store gasoline in a building separate from the house, such as a shed or garage. It should be kept out of the reach of children and away from direct sunlight. For better ventilation, it is best to handle gasoline outdoors, and smoking should never occur near where gasoline is handled or stored.
In the event of a spill, minor spills can be absorbed with sawdust, paper, or rags. Larger spills may be contained and collected, and the recovered gasoline and cleanup materials should be placed in approved, labeled containers for proper disposal. Never dispose of spilled gasoline on the ground, in the garbage, or down drains, toilets, or sewers.
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Fuel stabilizers
Fuel is a dynamic liquid that can spoil after 30 days unless stored in an airtight container. A car's fuel system is not airtight, so fuel stabilizers are necessary to preserve fuel in out-of-use vehicles. They prevent oxidation in fuel, extending its lifespan. Typically made from petroleum products, fuel stabilizers bond with gasoline to prevent evaporation. They also stop fuel from forming sticky resins that can ruin a carburetor.
The optimal time to add a fuel stabilizer is when fueling up, especially if the vehicle or equipment will be stored for 30 days or more. Adding the stabilizer to fresh fuel ensures maximum effectiveness in preserving fuel quality during storage. The directions on the bottle will tell you how much to add for a given amount of fuel. For example, a tablespoon or two in a lawnmower or chainsaw gas tank is enough to allow gasoline to burn cleanly even after years of storage.
Most fuel stabilizers are designed to work with all grades of gasoline, including gasoline that contains ethanol. However, it is always good to check the product label. While a stabilizer can extend the shelf life of gasoline, it does not last indefinitely. Generally, stabilized gasoline can be stored for up to 12 months, but it is recommended to use it within 6-8 months for optimal performance.
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Approved containers
When storing fuel at home, it is important to use approved containers and follow safety guidelines. Approved containers for gasoline storage are typically made from either metal or plastic, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Plastic containers are generally preferred by homeowners as they are lightweight, inexpensive, and do not rust. Metal containers can rust over time, leading to leaks or contamination.
UL-listed containers, also known as safety cans, are mandated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) when storing gasoline on commercial or construction sites. These containers are more expensive, typically priced at $100 or more, and can be sourced from industrial supply houses. When transporting combustible liquids on public roads and highways using a commercial vehicle, the Department of Transportation (DOT) and OSHA require the use of approved containers.
It is crucial to follow local regulations and guidelines for fuel storage. Fire codes typically restrict gasoline storage to a total of 25 gallons in five-gallon cans. These cans should be stored in an outdoor structure, such as a tool shed, storage barn, or separate garage, and kept at least 50 feet away from living quarters, ignition sources, and out of the reach of children. Additionally, gasoline should not be stored inside your home due to the health and fire hazards associated with exposure to fumes.
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Fire codes
The amount of fuel that can be stored at home depends on where you live. In some places, there may be no specific limit, while other locations may have restrictions. For example, in Syracuse, Utah, the residential storage limit for flammable liquids, including gasoline and Coleman white gas, is 30 gallons. In the UK, if you store more than 30 litres of fuel at home, you must inform your local Petrol Enforcement Authority.
If you live within the limits of a city or HOA, or on deed-restricted property, you should check with your local authorities to determine if there are any specific regulations or restrictions in place for fuel storage. On the other hand, if you reside in an unincorporated area, there may be no explicit limitations.
Regardless of the amount of fuel you store, it is crucial to prioritize safety. Fuel is highly flammable and can pose a significant fire risk if not handled and stored correctly. Here are some essential fire safety guidelines to follow:
- Utilize containers specifically designed for fuel storage. These containers are typically made of metal or plastic and can often be purchased at petrol stations.
- Avoid overfilling the containers. Pay attention to the markings on the side to ensure you do not exceed the recommended capacity.
- Never smoke when handling fuel. The combination of smoking and fuel can be extremely hazardous.
- Choose an open and well-ventilated area for decanting your fuel. This practice helps prevent the buildup of fumes, reducing the risk of fire.
- Install working smoke alarms inside your home. These alarms serve as an early warning system, alerting you to any potential fire hazards.
- Avoid storing fuel containers in living areas, such as lounges or bedrooms. Keep them in a safe and secure location away from ignition sources.
- Only purchase the amount of fuel you need to avoid having a large surplus stored in one place. This minimizes the potential impact in the event of a fire.
- Develop and communicate an escape plan to ensure everyone in your household knows what to do in the event of a fire.
By adhering to these fire safety guidelines, you can help protect yourself, your loved ones, and your property from the dangers associated with fuel storage. Remember, it is always better to be cautious and well-prepared when dealing with flammable substances.
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Disposing of old fuel
Firstly, it is important to determine whether the fuel is indeed old and needs to be disposed of. Old gasoline will usually appear darker and cloudier than fresh fuel. It may also have gummy deposits, sediment, rust, or dirt, and there may be a layer of water at the bottom. You can also compare it to fresh fuel by pouring samples of each into separate clear containers. If the fuel is contaminated, it should be disposed of carefully.
When disposing of old fuel, do not pour it down the sink, toilet, or storm drain, and do not dispose of it on the ground, grass, or through burning, as this is harmful to the environment and water supply, and is illegal. Instead, take it to a specialised facility that can handle fuel disposal, such as a disposal or recycling centre, or a local HHW (Household Hazardous Waste) facility, which often accepts used gasoline. Contact them beforehand to ensure they can accept your fuel and ask about any fees.
If you have spilled fuel, use an absorbent material such as cat litter to soak it up. Scoop the contaminated litter into a heavy-duty trash bag and take it to a disposal facility. Do not place it in your regular trash, as it could combust in the trash truck or landfill, leading to dangerous fires that are harmful to the environment.
To reduce the frequency of fuel disposal, only buy the amount of fuel you need and store it properly. Keep fuel in a tightly closed, government-approved container, and add fuel stabilizers to extend its life. Additionally, always work in a well-ventilated area when handling fuel, and avoid any sources of flame or sparks.
Lastly, if you have a mixture of old fuels or chemicals to dispose of, consider seeking expert advice to ensure safe and proper disposal.
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Frequently asked questions
The amount of fuel you can store at home depends on your location and local laws. Fire codes typically restrict gas storage to a total of 25 gallons in five-gallon cans. It is important to check with your local government to ensure you are following the law.
Approved gas storage containers must be in accordance with the National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. These containers are red in colour with yellow labelling or stencilling indicating the contents.
Gasoline should always be kept in an outdoor structure such as a tool shed, storage barn, or separate garage. The structure should have an average internal temperature of about 80° Fahrenheit or below, and be at least 50 feet away from living quarters.
Gasoline is considered unstable and potentially deadly, so it is important to follow correct gasoline storage practices. Always add a fuel stabilizer when the gas is new to prevent compound and microbial growth. Never use gasoline as a solvent, cleaner, or barbecue starter, and dispose of old gasoline at a household hazardous waste facility.
No, storing gasoline inside your home is a serious fire hazard and a public health hazard due to the risk of exposure to fumes.
