Regan Brown
The V6 engine is an internal combustion engine that uses fuel injectors to receive fuel from the pump located underneath the engine. The number of fuel injectors in a V6 engine is typically six, with two fuel injectors per cylinder. The Mustang, a popular sports car, has a V6 engine and thus also has six fuel injectors. Replacing the fuel injectors in a Mustang can be done by the owner, with the process taking around 1.5 hours.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of Fuel Injectors | 6 |
| Fuel Injector Size | 21 lb/hr |
| Fuel Injector Flow Rate | Calculated by: Injector Flow Rate (lb/hr) = (Engine HP) x (BSFC) / (Number of Injectors) x (Injector Duty Cycle) |
| Fuel Injector Replacement Time | 1.5 hours |
| Fuel Injector Replacement Procedure | 1. Disconnect the fuel lines and electrical connectors |
| 2. Unbolt the injector fuel rails from the lower manifold | |
| 3. Pry up the rail to release the rail and injectors | |
| 4. Remove the injectors from the rail by removing the retaining clips and twisting while pulling until they pop loose | |
| 5. Install the new injectors in the fuel rail by applying a small amount of silicon-based grease, and twisting while pushing in |
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What You'll Learn
The 2002 Mustang V6 has 21-pound injectors
Next, disconnect the fuel lines and electrical connectors. Insert the fuel line disconnect tools into the ends of the connectors and twist while pulling to release the connectors. Then, unplug the injector electrical connectors by removing the retaining clips and pulling the connector from the injectors. At this point, you can unbolt the injector fuel rails from the lower manifold and pry up on the rail to release the rail and injectors. Make sure to remove any old rubber O-ring seals that may be stuck to the manifold, as new injectors will come with new seals.
Now, you can remove the injectors from the rail by twisting and pulling until they pop loose. To install the new injectors, apply a small amount of silicon-based grease to the injector and twist while pushing it into the fuel rail. Reinstall the retaining clips and rotate the electrical connector into its proper orientation on the rail. Put the fuel injectors into the manifold by applying silicon grease to the rubber O-ring seals and pushing the injectors into place. Reinstall the fuel rail bolts, plug the fuel lines back in, and plug in the injector electrical connectors.
Finally, remove the old upper to lower manifold gasket and replace it with a new one. Position the upper manifold carefully into place and start the bolts, tightening them in a pattern from the middle outward. Prime the injectors by turning the ignition key off and on again a few times, then start the engine. Check for any fuel or coolant leaks, and take the car for a test drive if no problems are found.
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2011-2014 V6 Mustangs use the same injectors as 2015-2017 models
The 2011-2014 V6 Mustangs use the same injectors as the 2015-2017 models. The 3.7L engine in these Mustangs is fitted with 29lb/hr injectors. This is in contrast to the 21lb/hr injectors found in the 1999+ V6 Mustangs, which only predict 202 HP. However, some users have reported achieving over 250 bhp with full PP and an A/F = 13 on stock injectors and fuel pumps.
The formula for calculating the correct size fuel injector for a Mustang is: Injector Flow Rate (lb/hr) = (Engine HP) x (BSFC) / (Number of Injectors) x (Injector Duty Cycle). This formula demonstrates that larger injectors are not always better. In fact, unless you have made significant modifications to your engine, upgrading to larger injectors may result in a loss of performance and trouble codes.
The 2011-2014 V6 Mustangs, therefore, use the same injectors as the newer 2015-2017 models, and these injectors are designed to deliver the appropriate fuel flow rate for the engine's specifications.
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The Mustang's stock fuel injector size chart
The Mustang stock fuel injector size varies across different models. For instance, the 3.7L Mustang V6 uses 29lb/hr injectors, while the 2002 3.8L Mustang V6 uses 21lb/hr injectors.
The Mustang's fuel injector size can be calculated using the formula: Injector Flow Rate (lb/hr) = (Engine HP) x (BSFC) / (Number of Injectors) x (Injector Duty Cycle). The engine's fuel flow rate, or Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), is measured in lb/hr and represents the amount of fuel required per hour for each brake horsepower produced.
For example, let's calculate the fuel flow requirement for a gasoline engine that produces 300 brake horsepower:
Fuel flow requirement = (300 brake horsepower) x (BSFC)
The maximum safe horsepower for a set of injectors can also be determined using the following formula:
Max safe hp = [(injector size) x (total number of injectors) x (max duty cycle)] / BSFC
As a general rule of thumb, the following guide can be used for sizing fuel injectors on an 8-cylinder engine with a BSFC of 0.50:
- Naturally Aspirated: (19 lb x 8 x .85)/.50 = 258.4 or approx 258 hp @ 85% duty cycle
- Forced-Induction @ 0.55: (19 lb x 8 x .85)/.55 = 234.9 or approx 235 hp @ 85% duty cycle
- Forced-Induction @ 0.65: (19 lb x 8 x .85)/.65 = 198
It is important to note that the Mustang's stock fuel injector size may not be listed on standard charts, and the above-mentioned formula can be used to calculate the correct size. Additionally, the flow rate at a new delta pressure can be calculated using the following formula:
Flow rate at new delta pressure = (flow rate at old pressure) x (new pressure / old pressure)
By knowing the Mustang's stock fuel injector size, owners can determine if they have the correct size injectors for their vehicle's application.
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Calculating the correct size fuel injector for a Mustang
To calculate the correct size fuel injector for a Mustang, there are a few formulas and considerations to keep in mind. Firstly, it's important to know the stock fuel injector size for your specific Mustang model, as this will help you determine if you have the correct size injectors for your application. The stock fuel injector size can vary depending on the year and model of your Mustang. For example, some Mustang forums mention 1999+ V6 Mustangs having 21 lb/hr injectors, while others mention 29 lb/hr or 14 lb injectors for different years. Knowing the stock size is essential before making any modifications.
Next, we can use formulas to calculate the correct size fuel injector. One basic formula for injector sizing is:
> Max safe hp = [ (injector size) x (total number of injectors) x (max duty cycle) ] / BSFC
Here, "BSFC" stands for Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, which is how much fuel (in lb) is required per hour per brake horsepower produced by the engine. This value will vary depending on the engine's efficiency. For naturally aspirated engines, the injector HP rating can be calculated by dividing the flow rating by 0.5 and then multiplying the result by the number of injectors. This assumes a 100% duty cycle.
Additionally, another formula for calculating the correct size fuel injector for your Mustang is:
> Injector Flow Rate (lb/hr) = (Engine HP) x (BSFC) / (Number of Injectors) x (Injector Duty Cycle)
The duty cycle is a significant factor in injector sizing. It represents the percentage of time the injectors are open, and a higher duty cycle may be required for higher horsepower. However, it's important to note that simply increasing the fuel pressure or injector size is not always the best solution, as it can lead to inaccuracies or other issues.
When replacing fuel injectors, it's crucial to follow the correct procedure, which includes disconnecting fuel lines and electrical connectors, unbolting the injector fuel rails, and properly installing the new injectors with silicon grease and retaining clips. It's recommended to err on the side of slightly larger injectors rather than smaller ones, as long as the MAF is calibrated accordingly, and O2 sensors are functioning properly.
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Installing Ford Performance EV6 High Flow Fuel Injectors
A V6 Mustang has 21 lb/hr injectors. However, the injector size can vary depending on the Mustang's model and year. For example, the 2014 Mustang 3.7L V6 has 29 lb/hr injectors, while the 2002 Mustang 3.8L V6 has 21 lb/hr injectors.
Upgrading to larger injectors can improve performance, but it's important to have the necessary modifications in place to support them, such as a custom tune. Here is a step-by-step guide on installing the Ford Performance EV6 High Flow Fuel Injectors (47 lb) for Mustang GTs from 1999 to 2017:
Step 1: Safety
Before beginning any work on your Mustang, it is important to take the necessary safety precautions. Gas is highly flammable, so ensure there are no open flames, bare light bulbs, or gas-powered appliances nearby. Always wear safety glasses, and be sure to clean up any fuel spills immediately.
Step 2: Disconnect the Battery
Disconnect the negative battery cable using an 8mm socket. This is a standard safety precaution when performing any work on a vehicle's fuel system.
Step 3: Release Fuel Pressure
Start the car and let it idle until it stalls. Crank the engine for a few seconds to ensure all fuel pressure in the fuel rail is released, then turn the ignition switch off.
Step 4: Remove the Strut Tower Brace
If your Mustang is equipped with a front strut tower brace, remove it by taking out the four or eight 13mm nuts (depending on the brace style) and lifting it out of the engine compartment.
Step 5: Disconnect the Fuel Supply Line
Disconnect the fuel supply line spring-lock coupling from the fuel rail on the driver's side of the engine. First, remove the retaining clip, and then use a 5/8 spring-lock coupling tool to detach the fuel supply line.
Step 6: Disconnect Electrical Connectors
Disconnect the electrical connectors from all eight fuel injectors by depressing the release tab and pulling each connector off. These connectors are located on both sides of the vehicle, with four on each side.
Step 7: Remove Fuel Rail Mounting Bolts
Remove the four fuel rail mounting bolts, two on each side, using a short ratchet extension and an 8mm deep socket. These bolts are located under the clips that were removed earlier.
Step 8: Remove Fuel Rails and Injectors
Remove the fuel rails and injectors as a single assembly. Have some rags ready to absorb any residual fuel that may run out of the injectors and fuel rails.
Step 9: Remove Fuel Injector Retaining Clips
Remove each fuel injector retaining clip, and then gently wiggle the injector and pull it out of the fuel rail if it sticks. You may need to apply some side-to-side motion while pulling to remove the injector.
Step 10: Coat O-Rings and Install New Injectors
Coat each of the two O-rings on each new injector with a small amount of clean engine oil. Install the new injectors into the fuel rails, and replace the retaining clips once they are securely in place.
Step 11: Reinstall Fuel Rails
Reinstall the fuel rails by plugging in the fuel lines and injector electrical connectors. Ensure the electrical connectors are oriented correctly.
Step 12: Install New Upper to Lower Manifold Gasket
Remove the old upper to lower manifold gasket and position a new one on the lower manifold. Carefully sit the upper manifold into place and start all the bolts, tightening them in a pattern working outward from the middle.
Step 13: Prime the Injectors
Prime the new injectors by turning the ignition key off and then on again three or four times. Start the engine and check for any fuel or coolant leaks. If no problems are found, take the Mustang for a test drive.
Please note that this guide is a general overview, and it is recommended to refer to the specific instructions provided by Ford or a certified mechanic for your particular Mustang model and year.
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Frequently asked questions
Every V6 engine features a total of 6 fuel injectors.
Sources suggest that the stock fuel injector is 14 lbs, 21 lbs, or 29 lbs.
Here are the steps to replace the fuel injectors on a V6 Mustang:
- Disconnect the fuel lines and electrical connectors.
- Unbolt the injector fuel rails from the lower manifold.
- Remove the injectors from the rail.
- Install the new injectors in the fuel rail and the manifold.
- Plug the fuel lines and injector electrical connectors back in.
- Put everything else back into the vehicle.
To prime the fuel injectors, turn the ignition key off and then on again 3-4 times. Then, start the engine and check for any fuel or coolant leaks.
The formula for calculating the correct size fuel injector is: Injector Flow Rate (lb/hr) = (Engine HP) x (BSFC) / (Number of Injectors) x (Injector Duty Cycle).
