Rajan Wilcox
Whether you can use old diesel fuel depends on several factors, including the fuel's age, how it was stored, and the climate conditions. Diesel fuel can degrade over time, leading to contamination and performance issues. While it is possible to recondition old diesel fuel, improper use may damage your engine and machines. To avoid issues, it is recommended to use diesel fuel within six to twelve months and store it in a cool, well-ventilated area with proper fuel stabilizers or additives. Additionally, regular maintenance and the use of biocides can help extend the lifespan of diesel fuel. However, always exercise caution and seek professional advice when dealing with old diesel fuel.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Lifespan | The lifespan of diesel fuel depends on the conditions. It can last for around 12 months before serious degradation. |
| Storage | Diesel should be stored in a plastic container or a metal jerry can with a tight-fitting cap. |
| Oxidation | Oxidation is a chemical reaction that occurs when diesel fuel is introduced to oxygen, creating high acid values and unwanted gum, sludge, and sediment. |
| Water contamination | Water can pool on top of the drum, causing corrosion and affecting the fuel. |
| Reconditioning | Old diesel fuel can be reconditioned by adding PRD-D or ether to it. |
| Disposal | Old diesel fuel should be drained and disposed of properly. |
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What You'll Learn
Storing old diesel fuel
Storing diesel fuel requires careful consideration of safety, legality, and the potential risks to vehicles and equipment.
Safety and Legality
Storing diesel at home is legal, but it is a flammable liquid, so there is always a risk. If storing at home, individuals in the UK are limited to 30 litres of petrol without a licence. Diesel has no specific legal requirement on storage quantities. It should be stored in a plastic portable container or a metal jerry can with a tight-fitting cap, specifically designed for use with diesel. It should be kept in a secure outbuilding like a shed or garage, that is well-ventilated and away from any flames.
Risks to Vehicles and Equipment
Diesel fuel has a limited shelf life and is susceptible to contamination. It can start to degrade within 28 days of storage and is best used within six months to a year. If exposed to high temperatures, moisture, or contaminants, its quality will diminish faster.
To prolong the life of diesel fuel, it should be stored in a clean, dry, and cool environment, and steps should be taken to protect it from contamination. The storage location should be sheltered from extreme weather, and the fuel should be kept away from direct sunlight, as this causes accelerated degradation. The ideal temperature range for storage is between 32°F and 95°F (0°C and 35°C).
To prevent microbial growth, which can cause plugged filters, fuel flow problems, corrosion, and injector malfunctions, biocides can be used. Additionally, keeping the tank full can reduce condensation, and using fuel stabilizers can extend the shelf life of diesel.
Oxidation is a natural process that occurs when diesel is exposed to oxygen, leading to the formation of sludge and sediment. To mitigate this, diesel should be stored in airtight conditions, and filters can be used to remove impurities before use.
It is also important to choose a well-constructed, durable tank or container that is designed for outdoor use if stored outside. The tank should be made of materials such as steel, aluminium, or polyethylene, and have a lockable cap or pump cabinet to prevent unauthorised access.
Long-Term Storage
For long-term storage, conventional diesel fuel is better than biodiesel. Using fuel additives can help preserve the fuel, reduce maintenance costs, and improve engine performance.
Filtering and Mixing
Before use, diesel can be filtered to remove water and sediment that may have accumulated during storage. If the diesel is old, it is recommended to mix it with fresh diesel or add a cetane boost to improve its quality.
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How to identify if diesel has gone bad
While it is possible to use diesel fuel after it has gone bad, it can cause serious damage to your engine. Therefore, it is important to identify whether diesel has gone bad before using it. The lifespan of diesel fuel depends on various conditions, such as temperature and humidity. Here are some ways to identify if diesel has gone bad:
Check for signs of spoilage
Look for signs of degradation, such as gelling or scum formation. If scum is present, let the diesel sit so that the scum settles at the bottom, and then drain the bad diesel from the bottom outlet.
Unusual odour
Good-quality diesel fuel has a mild, nearly odourless scent. A strong, pungent smell, similar to rotten eggs, indicates contaminated or degraded fuel.
Water contamination
Water can enter fuel storage tanks through condensation or leaks. Since diesel is lighter than water, it will settle on top of the water. Check for a thin black line between the water and diesel, which indicates water contamination.
Microbial growth
Bacterial and fungal growth in fuel tanks can contaminate diesel, forming a substance called diesel algae. Microbes thrive in the presence of water and can clog fuel filters, leading to engine malfunctions.
Fuel filter problems
Contaminated diesel can clog the fuel filter, resulting in reduced fuel flow and decreased engine performance. This can lead to costly repairs.
Engine performance issues
Poor-quality diesel fuel can cause various engine problems, including rough idling, frequent stalling, and reduced power output.
If you suspect that your diesel fuel has gone bad, it is recommended to have it drained by a professional or use a diesel additive to improve its quality.
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Using old diesel fuel in your vehicle
Diesel fuel can last for around 6 to 12 months before serious degradation occurs, although some sources suggest it can last for up to 10 years. To prolong the life of diesel fuel, it should be stored at the right temperature, with the correct use of additives, and regular maintenance. Keeping the temperature consistent is crucial, as fluctuations can cause condensation and water accumulation, which can lead to corrosion and injector deposits.
Oxidation is a major cause of diesel fuel degradation, and it can react with compounds in the diesel to create high acid values and unwanted gum, sludge, and sediment. To prevent oxidation, keep the diesel fuel in a cool, dry place, ideally between 20°F and 85°F. Underground tanks or enclosures can help maintain the desired temperature and reduce exposure to sunlight and water sources.
If diesel fuel has degraded, it may be possible to recondition it by adding PRD-D or ether to neutralize water contamination and prevent biological growth. However, even after reconditioning, old diesel fuel may still be unsafe to burn, and it is recommended to use fresh diesel fuel whenever possible.
In summary, while it is technically possible to use old diesel fuel in your vehicle, it is not advisable due to the potential for engine damage and the risk of unsafe burning. Proper storage and maintenance of diesel fuel can prolong its lifespan, but it is still recommended to use fresh diesel fuel to avoid any potential issues.
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Reconditioning old diesel fuel
Diesel fuel, if stored for a long time, can degrade and become stale, requiring reconditioning before use. Reconditioning old diesel fuel can save money that would have been spent on new fuel.
The first step in reconditioning old diesel fuel is to check for any signs of degradation. Diesel fuel can gel or form scum, which can clog filters and cause engine failure. If the diesel has degraded, it should be drained from the bottom outlet.
To recondition the diesel fuel, you will need to use either PRD-D or ether. The recommended ratio is 5.6 oz of ether or 0.0625 oz of PRD-D per gallon of old diesel fuel. For 50 gallons of old diesel fuel, measure 3.125 oz of PRD-D or 280 oz of ether and add it to the diesel. Allow the mixture to sit for a day or two for the fuel to be fully reconditioned.
PRD-D can also be added to diesel fuel before storage to prevent water contamination and biological growth, which can make the fuel unusable. If the diesel has been contaminated with water, it will need to be filtered before use to remove any microorganisms such as algae and bacteria. However, even after reconditioning, the diesel may still be unsafe to burn, so use your judgement before deciding to use it.
To store diesel fuel, it is recommended to use a plastic container or a metal jerry can with a tight-fitting cap that is specifically designed for diesel fuel. Keep the fuel in a secure, well-ventilated outbuilding, such as a shed or garage, away from any sources of ignition. Maintain a consistent temperature to avoid fluctuations that can cause condensation and water accumulation.
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Rules for storing diesel at home
Storing diesel at home comes with risks, and it is not recommended for the average driver. However, if you wish to do so, there are strict rules and regulations to follow to ensure safety and compliance with local laws. Here are some guidelines for storing diesel at home:
Understand the risks
Diesel is not as flammable as petrol, but it is still a hazardous substance. Storing flammable liquids always carries a risk, and improper storage can lead to accidents, spills, and environmental hazards.
Know the regulations
Before storing diesel at home, familiarise yourself with the local regulations and guidelines. These regulations may vary depending on your location and specific circumstances. In the UK, for example, you must notify your local Petroleum Enforcement Authority (PEA) if you plan to store between 30 and 275 litres of fuel.
Store in the right container
Use either a plastic portable container or a metal jerry can with a tight-fitting cap that is specifically designed for diesel or petrol storage. Make sure the container has a capacity limit and is properly vented to prevent pressure buildup.
Keep it secure and stable
Store the containers in a secure outbuilding, such as a shed or garage, that is well-ventilated and away from any sources of ignition. Keep the containers upright, stable, and out of reach of children to prevent leaks and accidental tipping.
Maintain and inspect regularly
Regular maintenance and inspections are crucial to preventing accidents and ensuring the longevity of your containers. Check your fuel regularly for signs of spoilage, such as gelling or scum. Rotate your diesel stock using the first-in-first-out method to prevent it from going bad.
Consider additives
To extend the lifespan of your diesel, you can use additives like fuel stabilisers or diesel biocides. However, always follow the instructions on the label and be aware of the potential risks and proper usage of these products.
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Frequently asked questions
It depends on how old the diesel fuel is and the conditions in which it was stored. Diesel fuel can last for around 6 to 12 months before serious degradation, but it may last longer under optimal conditions. Old diesel fuel can cause engine damage, so it is recommended to drain old fuel from your tank and dispose of it properly.
Check your fuel for signs of spoilage, such as gelling or scum. Oxidation, which occurs when diesel fuel reacts with oxygen, can lead to the formation of high acid values, gum, sludge, and sediment. Water contamination is another common issue with old diesel fuel, which can lead to microbial growth and require filtering before use.
Store your diesel fuel in a cool, dry place, as temperature fluctuations and water accumulation can cause degradation. Use biocides and fuel additives to prevent microbial growth and oxidation. Consider storing diesel in a tank with a drain to easily remove impurities, and practice the first-in-first-out method to ensure your fuel is rotated before it goes bad.
